Clinical and radiographic indices around narrow diameter implants placed in different glycemic‐level patients

• Published in: Clinical implant dentistry and related research Vol. 21; no. 4; pp. 621 - 626
• Main Authors: Alsahhaf, Abdulaziz, Alshiddi, Ibraheem F., Alshagroud, Rana Saud, Al‐Aali, Khulud Abdulrahman, Vohra, Fahim, Abduljabbar, Tariq
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.08.2019; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Alveolar Bone Loss; Bleeding; Bone implants; Bone resorption; Control methods; Control stability; crestal bone levels; Dental Implants; Dentistry; Follow-Up Studies; Glycated Hemoglobin A; Hemoglobin; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Levels; narrow implants; Periodontal Index; radiographs; Retrospective Studies; Stability analysis; Statistical analysis; Transplants & implants; narrow implants; hyperglycemia; radiographs; crestal bone levels
• ISSN: 1523-0899; 1708-8208
• DOI: 10.1111/cid.12778

Background Studies assessing peri‐implant clinical and marginal bone resorption (MBR) around narrow diameter implants (NDIs) placed in different glycemic levels are uninvestigated. Objective The present 3‐year retrospective follow‐up investigation was designed to explore clinical and radiographic status of NDIs placed in individuals with different glycemic control levels. Materials and Methods Patients with serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels ≥6.5% (Group‐1), 5.7%‐6.4% (Group‐2), and 4.0%‐5.0% (Group‐3) were included. Clinical indices evaluating bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque scores (PI), peri‐implant probing depth (PD), and MBR were recorded around NDIs at 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year follow‐up. Serum HbA1c test was carried out for all patients to assess the profile of glycosylated hemoglobin at 1 and 3 years of follow‐up. Results A significant reduction in mean HbA1c levels from year 1 to year 3 follow‐up period was seen in Group‐1 only. PI varied from 0.40 in Group 1 at 2 year and 0.42 at 3‐year follow‐up to 0.18 at 2‐year (P = 0.032) and 0.17 at 3‐year (P = 0.018) follow‐up, respectively. Greater BOP was noted in Group 1 (0.53) as compared with Group 2 (0.42) and Group 3 (0.21) (P = 0.048) at 3‐year follow‐up. PD after 3 year ranged from 2.04 mm in Group 3 to 2.32 mm in Group 1 that showed statistically significant difference (P = 0.037). No statistical significant differences were observed in MBR at any time point between the groups. Conclusion The results of this short‐term follow‐up study indicate that NDIs show clinical and radiographic stability, provided oral cleanliness and glycemic levels are relatively maintained. Further long‐term clinical studies are needed to evaluate implant stability over the period along with controlled glycemic status.