Clinical observation of the reduced glutathione in the treatment of diabetic chronic kidney disease

• Published in: Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol. 120; no. 5; pp. 8483 - 8491
• Main Authors: Zuo, Man‐hua, Tang, Jun, Xiang, Miao‐miao, Long, Qing, Dai, Jian‐ping, Yu, Guo‐dan, Zhang, Hua‐guo, Hu, Hui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2019
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Beta cells; CD19 antigen; CD3 antigen; CD56 antigen; CD8 antigen; Correlation; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; diabetic chronic kidney disease; Endostatin; Glutathione; Growth factors; Immune response; Immune response (cell-mediated); Immune system; Kidney diseases; Kidneys; lymphocyte subsets; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Malondialdehyde; Natural killer cells; Oxidation; Oxidative stress; Pathogenesis; Patients; Proteins; reduced glutathione; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Superoxide dismutase; Vascular endothelial growth factor; lymphocyte subsets; reduced glutathione; angiogenesis; diabetic chronic kidney disease; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 0730-2312; 1097-4644; 1097-4644
• DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28135

Background Diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become the main cause of death in diabetic patients, but its pathogenesis has not yet been clear. Objective To investigate the effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) on oxidative stress (OS), angiogenesis factors and lymphocyte subsets in diabetic CKD patients. Methods A total of 130 subjects were retrospectively studied. The subjects were divided into the control group (45 cases), treatment group (45 cases, treated with reduced GSH), and a healthy control group (40 cases). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), endostatin (ES), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the percentages of lymphocyte subsets were detected. Results After treatment, the indexes of OS and angiogenesis and the percentage of CD3−CD19+B cells were obviously decreased, and the percentages of T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cell subsets were markedly increased in the treatment group compared with the control group. AOPP was positively correlated with angiogenesis indexes, MDA and CD3−CD19+B cells, and negatively correlated with SOD and other lymphocyte subsets. SOD was inversely associated with angiogenesis indexes and MDA, and positively associated with lymphocyte subsets. Moreover, MDA had a positive correlation with angiogenesis indexes, B and T cell subsets, and a negative correlation with NK cell subsets. AOPP, MDA, SOD, VEGF, CD3+T cells, CD3+CD8+T cells, CD3−CDl6+CD56+NK cells, and CD3−CDl6+CD56+NK T cells were the risk factors of diabetic CKD. Conclusion GSH could inhibit OS and abnormal angiogenesis, and improve cellular immune response in CKD patients.