Risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with insomnia: A population‐based historical cohort study

• Published in: Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews Vol. 34; no. 1
• Main Authors: Lin, Chia‐Ling, Chien, Wu‐Chien, Chung, Chi‐Hsiang, Wu, Fei‐Ling
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.01.2018
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Cohort analysis; Data processing; Diabetes; Diabetes Complications - epidemiology; Diabetes Complications - etiology; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Female; Health risk assessment; historical cohort study; Humans; Insomnia; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Population studies; Population-based studies; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; risk factor; Risk Factors; Sleep disorders; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - epidemiology; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - etiology; Survival analysis; Taiwan - epidemiology; type 2 diabetes; type 2 diabetes; historical cohort study; risk factor; insomnia
• ISSN: 1520-7552; 1520-7560
• DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2930

Background We investigated the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with and without insomnia. Methods In this historical cohort study, we performed a secondary analysis of data from 2001 to 2010, which was obtained from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Database. We developed a Cox proportional hazard regression model to estimate the effects of insomnia on T2DM risk. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis was applied to compare the differences in the cumulative incidence of T2DM between the groups with and without insomnia. Results During the follow‐up period, the T2DM incidence rate of patients with insomnia was significantly higher than that of patients without insomnia (34.7 vs 24.3 per 1000 person‐years). Overall, patients with insomnia had a higher risk of T2DM than did patients without insomnia (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10‐1.19). Among patients aged younger than 40 years, those with insomnia had a higher risk of T2DM than did the comparison cohort (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.14‐1.55). Compared with patients without insomnia, the risk tended to increase with the duration of follow‐up in patients with insomnia; when the insomnia duration was <4 years, 4 to 8 years, and >8 years, the risk of T2DM increased by 1.14, 1.38, and 1.51 times (95% CI, 1.03‐1.17, 1.15‐1.49, and 1.20‐1.86), respectively. Patients with insomnia had a higher risk of T2DM, and this risk was particularly pronounced among the younger (≤40 years) population. Conclusion Chronic insomnia could be an important risk factor for T2DM.