Role of Starch Based Materials as a Bio-sorbents for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals from Wastewater

Native starch has low adsorption ability due to lack of specific functional groups. To increase the adsorption efficiency of native starch, it needs to be chemically modified. The modification produces specific functional groups on the backbone of starch and increases its adsorption efficacy towards...

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Published inJournal of polymers and the environment Vol. 30; no. 5; pp. 1730 - 1748
Main Authors Haq, Fazal, Mehmood, Sahid, Haroon, Muhammad, Kiran, Mehwish, Waseem, Kashif, Aziz, Tariq, Farid, Arshad
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.05.2022
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adsorbates
Adsorbents
Adsorption
biosorbents
carboxylation
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Color removal
crosslinking
Dyes
environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Functional groups
Heavy metals
Hydrogels
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Materials Science
Nanoparticles
phosphates
Polymer Sciences
Review
Sorbents
Starch
Starches
surface area
Wastewater
Biological macromolecule
Biodegradable
Dyes
Adsorption
Heavy metals
Modified starches
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Summary:Native starch has low adsorption ability due to lack of specific functional groups. To increase the adsorption efficiency of native starch, it needs to be chemically modified. The modification produces specific functional groups on the backbone of starch and increases its adsorption efficacy towards dyes and heavy metals. The modified starch-based adsorbents (succinylated starches, starch phosphate, starch-based composites and nanoparticles, starch-based hydrogels, cross-linked and carboxylated starches and so on) are more useful due to their large surface area, available polar sites and reproducibility in the degree of activation. In this review article we have discussed the application of modified starches as sorbents for the removal of dyes and heavy metals from wastewater. It further highlighted the optimized conditions used for the removal of heavy metals and dyes by the modified starches and the interactions generated between the adsorbent and adsorbate. This article presented the most recent literature and will spark new ideas for researchers working in this field.
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ISSN:1566-2543
1572-8919
DOI:10.1007/s10924-021-02337-6