Exercise Training-induced Modulation in Microenvironment of Rat Mammary Neoplasms

• Published in: International journal of sports medicine Vol. 39; no. 12; p. 885
• Main Authors: Figueira, Ana Cristina Corrêa, Figueira, Mafalda Corrêa, Silva, Carina, Padrão, Ana, Oliveira, Paula Alexandra, Ferreira, Rita Pinho, Duarte, Jose Alberto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.11.2018
• Subjects: Animals; Carcinoma, Papillary - therapy; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - therapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Microenvironment
• ISSN: 1439-3964
• DOI: 10.1055/a-0660-0198

Despite the importance attributed to exercise training in the breast cancer (BC) continuum, the underlying mechanisms modulating tumor behavior are unknown. We evaluated the effects of long-term moderate-exercise in the development of mammary tumors, and studied the microenvironment of infiltrative lesions, the amount of connective tissue, and balance between cellular proliferation/death.Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats, randomly assigned into four groups: two control groups (sedentary and exercised) and two models of BC groups (sedentary and exercised) induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosoureia (MNU), were sacrificed after 35 weeks of moderate-exercise, and all perceptible tumors were removed for histological and immunohistochemistry analysis.The median number of infiltrative-lesions per animal was lower in the MNU exercised animals (p=0.02). More than one histological pattern was identified, and papillary carcinoma was the most frequent in both groups. Within infiltrative-lesions, the number of immunopositive cells per μm of Ki67 was lower in exercised animals (p=0.002). This presents increased cell death per μm (p=0.019). Tumors from sedentary animals had a higher expression of collagen deposition (p=0.027).Long-term moderate-exercise has beneficial effects in tumor development with a diminished prevalence of malignancy. Within infiltrative-lesions, moderate-exercise improves the balance between cell-proliferation and cell-death with decreased connective tissue that suggests lower tumor aggressiveness.