Protective Effect of Natural and Processed Coconut Water by Non-thermal Technologies Against Oxidative Stress in Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina)

• Published in: Food and bioprocess technology Vol. 14; no. 4; pp. 702 - 716
• Main Authors: Miguel, Thaiz Batista Azevedo Rangel, Porto, Elaine Cristina Maciel, de Paiva Pinheiro, Sergimar Kennedy, de Castro Miguel, Emilio, Fernandes, Fabiano André Narciso, Rodrigues, Sueli
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.04.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acute toxicity; Agriculture; Artemia; Artemia salina; Artificial seawater; beverages; Bioactive compounds; Biocompatibility; bioprocessing; Biotechnology; Brines; Chemical analysis; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; coconut water; Electron microscopy; Food Science; Food security; Human security; Hydrogen peroxide; instars; nauplii; Original Research; Oxidative stress; Ozone; protective effect; Seawater; Sensory properties; Shelf life; Toxicity testing; Ultrasonic imaging; ultrasonics; Ultrasound; Water analysis; Water sampling; Coconut water; Protective effect; Toxicity; Non-thermal processing
• ISSN: 1935-5130; 1935-5149
• DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02600-7

Coconut water is widely consumed and appreciated due its sensory, nutritional, and functional characteristics. Despite being widely consumed, this beverage has a short shelf life that can be improved through processing technologies including non-thermal technologies. Although this processing is promising, it also can generate toxic bioactive compounds of natural and synthetic origin. Their safety has been long discussed, and concern for human food security is now clearly manifested by warnings added on products labels. The aim of this work was to evaluate the toxic and the protective effect of natural and processed coconut water by non-thermal technologies against oxidative stress in brine shrimp ( Artemia salina ). For acute toxicity test, A. salina nauplii instar II were exposed to different concentrations and ozone-processed (OTCW), plasma-processed (PTCW), and ultrasound-processed (UTCW) coconut water. The non-processed sample was the negative control. By the end of experiment (48 h), dead nauplii were counted and investigated under optical and electron microscopy. The protective effect was evaluated against H 2 O 2 and morphological changes were also investigated. Coconut water treated with plasma and ultrasound was not toxic to Artemia salina nauplii at 10, 100, or 1000 μg mL −1 ; however, ozone-treated artificial seawater caused a mild toxicity to nauplii exposed to 1000 μg mL −1 . All coconut water samples, included untreated samples, presented protective effect against oxidative stress caused by H 2 O 2 reaching levels of 87.5% protection compared to control (24 h of experiment).