Programmed cell death-1 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs10204525 is associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA viral load in HIV-1-infected Moroccan subjects

• Published in: Medical microbiology and immunology Vol. 210; no. 4; pp. 187 - 196
• Main Authors: Baba, Hanâ, Kettani, Anass, Bouqdayr, Meryem, Ouladlahsen, Ahd, Bensghir, Rajaa, Marih, Latifa, Sodqi, Mustapha, Benjelloun, Soumaya, Ezzikouri, Sayeh, Zaidane, Imane, Jadid, Fatima-Zahra, Filali, Kamal Marhoum El, Wakrim, Lahcen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.08.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; Antiretroviral drugs; Antiretroviral therapy; Apoptosis; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; CD4 antigen; CD8 antigen; Cell death; Cell proliferation; Chronic infection; Gene polymorphism; Genotyping; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Immune response (humoral); Immunological memory; Immunology; Infections; Lymphocytes B; Lymphocytes T; Medical Microbiology; Natural killer cells; Original Investigation; PD-1 protein; Polymorphism; RNA viruses; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Viral infections; Virology; HIV-1; ART; rs10204525; PD-1; Polymorphism
• ISSN: 0300-8584; 1432-1831
• DOI: 10.1007/s00430-021-00712-7

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) infections are characterized by dysfunctional cellular and humoral antiviral immune responses. The progressive loss of effector functions in chronic viral infection has been associated with the up-regulation of programmed death-1 (PD-1), a negative regulator of activated T cells and Natural Killer cells. In HIV-1 infection, increased levels of PD-1 expression correlate with CD8 + T-cell exhaustion. In vitro, PD-1 blockade using PD-1 antibodies led to an increase in HIV-1 specific CD8 + T and memory B cell proliferation. We aimed to investigate the impact of PDCD1 rs10204525 polymorphism on HIV-1 susceptibility, AIDS development, and treatment response outcomes in HIV-1 infection in a Moroccan population. A total of 214 HIV-1 seropositive and 250 seronegative subjects were enrolled to investigate the association between the between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10204525 of  PDCD1  gene and HIV-1 pathogenesis using a predesigned TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. No significant association was found between rs10204525 and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and AIDS development ( p  > 0.05). Genotype frequencies were significantly associated with the viral load before ART ( p  = 0.0105). HIV-1 viral load was significantly higher among subjects with the CC compared to TT genotype ( p  = 0.0043). In treated subjects, the median of viral load levels was significantly higher in CC and CT groups than TT subjects ( p  < 0.005). However, analysis of the correlation between CD4 + T-cell levels and  PDCD1  polymorphism before and after ART showed no significant difference ( p  > 0.05). Our results demonstrated that rs10204525 polymorphism does not affect HIV-1 infection. However, this polymorphism may affect the response to treatment as measured by RNA viral load levels.