Reconstruction of Achilles region defects: A single‐centre experience

• Published in: International journal of clinical practice (Esher) Vol. 75; no. 12; pp. e14908 - n/a
• Main Authors: Eser, Cengiz, Karagoz Ceylan, Ozgun Ilke, Gencel, Eyuphan, Tabakan, Ibrahim, Kokacya, Omer, Yavuz, Metin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Hindawi Limited 01.12.2021
• Subjects: Achilles; Achilles tendon; Achilles Tendon - injuries; Achilles Tendon - surgery; Dehiscence; Fibrillation; flap; graft; Humans; Patients; Perforator Flap; reconstruction; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Retrospective Studies; Skin & tissue grafts; Skin diseases; Skin lesions; Skin Transplantation; Soft Tissue Injuries; tendon; Tendons; Treatment Outcome; Wounds; reconstruction; tendon; flap; graft; Achilles
• ISSN: 1368-5031; 1742-1241
• DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14908

Background Reconstruction of Achilles tendon and the overlying tissue defects is a challenging undertaking. The spectrum of available repair methods range from secondary healing to the use of free flaps. The aim of this study was to discuss reconstruction options and to help the surgeon to select reliable approach to achieve favourable outcomes. Method In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 14 patients who underwent reconstruction of Achilles region defect between 2016 and 2019 at a single centre. Results Reconstructions were performed with secondary healing (n = 2), negative pressure wound therapy and skin grafting (n = 2), free flaps (n = 6) and local and distant flaps (n = 4). Satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all patients. One patient developed partial skin graft loss. Marginal necrosis occurred in one of the local flaps. Wound dehiscence and flap retraction occurred in one of the free (superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator) flaps. One patient undergoing reconstruction with ulnar artery perforator flap developed intraoperative atrial fibrillation; the operation was terminated and reconstruction completed with skin grafting. Conclusion Orthoplastic reconstruction should be kept in mind for Achilles tendon defects. The use of special digital imaging techniques facilitates flap surgery and helps minimise the risk of flap complications. Conventional approaches are suitable for shallow small skin lesions. Local flaps are good options for deeper skin defects owing to superior aesthetic outcomes. Super‐thin free flaps offer a distinct advantage in skillful hands. The use of multi‐content free chimeric flaps for reconstruction of complex defects facilitates better anatomical repair. Cross leg or flow‐through flaps may be considered in patients with compromised distal circulation. Selection of the most reliable approach for Achilles reconstruction is a key imperative to achieve favourable outcomes.