Porosity and fractal study of functionalized carbon nanofibers: Effects of the functionalization degree on hydrogen storage capacity

Carbon nanofibers are produced by siliceous SBA-15 type materials and the casting method. The nanofibers are functionalized by HNO sub(3) attack in aqueous phase under microwave radiation. N sub(2) sorption data are treated by Non-Local Density Functional Theory and Quenched Solid Density Functional...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of power sources Vol. 269; pp. 69 - 80
Main Authors GALINDO-HERNANDEZ, Félix, PORTALES, Benjamín, DOMINGUEZ, José M, ANGELES-BELTRAN, Deyanira
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Amsterdam Elsevier 10.12.2014
Subjects
Alternative fuels. Production and utilization
Applied sciences
Carbon fibers
Energy
Exact sciences and technology
Fractal analysis
Fractals
Fuels
Hydrogen
Hydrogen storage
Mathematical analysis
Nanofibers
Sorption
Surface chemistry
Hydrogen storage
Functionalized carbon nanofibers
Nanostructure
High hydrogen storage capacity
Porous material
Pore size
Fractal
Fractal dimension
Functionalization
Storage capacity
Surface fractal dimension
NLDFT
Porosity
Physicochemical properties
Carbon fiber
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Summary:Carbon nanofibers are produced by siliceous SBA-15 type materials and the casting method. The nanofibers are functionalized by HNO sub(3) attack in aqueous phase under microwave radiation. N sub(2) sorption data are treated by Non-Local Density Functional Theory and Quenched Solid Density Functional Theory to determine advanced adsorption among other textural properties. The functionalization degree of carbon nanofibers and their hydrogen storage capacity are mainly investigated by FTIR spectroscopy, capacitance studies and analysis of the fractal dimension of the surface. This latter in two ways: i) using the Neimark-Kiselev equation with N sub(2) sorption data and ii) using Box-counting, Information and Perimeter-area methods on TEM photomicrographs. The hydrogen storage testing reveals that functionalized carbon nanofibers adsorb hydrogen above 200% with respect to unfunctionalized carbon nanofibers. This effect is attributed to: i) the creation of extra spacing between contiguous nanofibers, as a consequence of mutual repulsion between the -COOH groups and ii) increase of volume intrawall.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:0378-7753
1873-2755
DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.123