Application of lignocellulolytic fungi for bioethanol production from renewable biomass
Pretreatment is a necessary step in the process of conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol; by changing the structure of lignocellulose, enhances enzymatic hydrolysis, but, often, it consumes large amounts of energy and/or needs an application of expensive and toxic chemicals, which makes t...
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Published in | Hemijska industrija Vol. 69; no. 6; pp. 627 - 641 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia
2015
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Pretreatment is a necessary step in the process of conversion of
lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol; by changing the structure of
lignocellulose, enhances enzymatic hydrolysis, but, often, it consumes large
amounts of energy and/or needs an application of expensive and toxic
chemicals, which makes the process economically and ecologically
unfavourable. Application of lignocellulolytic fungi (from the class
Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes) is an attractive method for
pre-treatment, environmentally friendly and does not require the investment
of energy. Fungi produce a wide range of enzymes and chemicals, which,
combined in a variety of ways, together successfully degrade lignocellulose,
as well as aromatic polymers that share features with lignin. On the basis of
material utilization and features of a rotten wood, they are divided in three
types of wood-decay fungi: white rot, brown rot and soft rot fungi. White rot
fungi are the most efficient lignin degraders in nature and, therefore, have
a very important role in carbon recycling from lignified wood. This paper
describes fungal mechanisms of lignocellulose degradation. They involve
oxidative and hydrolytic mechanisms. Lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase,
laccase, cellobiose dehydrogenase and enzymes able to catalyze formation of
hydroxyl radicals (?OH) such as glyoxal oxidase, pyranose-2-oxidase and
aryl-alcohol oxidase are responsible for oxidative processes, while
cellulases and hemicellulases are involved in hydrolytic processes.
Throughout the production stages, from pre-treatment to fermentation, the
possibility of their application in the technology of bioethanol production
is presented. Based on previous research, the advantages and disadvantages of
biological pre-treatment are pointed out.
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ISSN: | 0367-598X 2217-7426 |
DOI: | 10.2298/HEMIND140916086J |