Recent advances and strategies for nanocarrier-mediated topical therapy and theranostic for posterior eye disease

• Published in: Advanced drug delivery reviews Vol. 210; p. 115321
• Main Authors: Faria, Maria João, González-Méijome, José M., Real Oliveira, M. Elisabete C.D., Carracedo, Gonzalo, Lúcio, Marlene
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.07.2024
• Subjects: Design strategies; Nanocarrier-mediated therapies; Nanomedicine; Ophthalmic vehicles; Posterior segment of the eye; Theranostic; Topical delivery; Topical delivery; Posterior segment of the eye; Theranostic; Design strategies; Nanocarrier-mediated therapies; Nanomedicine; Ophthalmic vehicles
• ISSN: 0169-409X; 1872-8294; 1872-8294
• DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115321

Nanocarrier-mediated topical therapies and theranostic are valuable strategies for targeting posterior ocular tissues. This review exalts safe-by-design approaches in the development of tuneable nanocarriers able to surpass the main ocular barriers. [Display omitted] Posterior eye disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma, have a significant impact on human quality of life and are the primary cause of age-related retinal diseases among adults. There is a pressing need for innovative topical approaches to treat posterior eye disorders, as current methods often rely on invasive procedures with inherent risks. Limited success was attained in the realm of topical ophthalmic delivery through non-invasive means. Additionally, there exists a dearth of literature that delves into the potential of this approach for drug delivery and theranostic purposes, or that offers comprehensive design strategies for nanocarrier developers to surmount the significant physiological ocular barriers. This review offers a thorough and up-to-date state-of-the-art overview of 40 studies on therapeutic loaded nanocarriers and theranostic devices that, to the best of our knowledge, represent all successful works that reached posterior eye segments through a topical non-invasive administration. Most importantly, based on the successful literature studies, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the potential design strategies that can be implemented during nanocarrier development to overcome each ocular barrier.