Constant power loads and negative impedance instability in automotive systems: definition, modeling, stability, and control of power electronic converters and motor drives

• Published in: IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 55; no. 4; pp. 1112 - 1125
• Main Authors: Emadi, A., Khaligh, A., Rivetta, C.H., Williamson, G.A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.07.2006; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Automotive components; Automotive electronics; Automotive engineering; Constant power loads (CPLs); control; Control systems; Converters; Dynamical systems; Electric motors; Electric power generation; electric vehicles (EVs); Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electronics; Exact sciences and technology; fuel cell vehicles (FCVs); hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs); Impedance; modeling; modeling and analysis; Motor drives; negative impedance instability; Nonlinear dynamics; power converters; Power electronics; Power electronics, power supplies; Power system dynamics; Power system modeling; Power system stability; Product development; Sliding mode control; Stability; state-space averaging; hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs); Averaging method; modeling and analysis; Power converter; Constant power loads (CPLs); Stability; negative impedance instability; Electric vehicle; control; Electric drive; State space method; electric vehicles (EVs); Modeling; fuel cell vehicles (FCVs); Hybrid system; state-space averaging; power converters; Fuel cell; motor drives
• ISSN: 0018-9545; 1939-9359
• DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2006.877483

Power electronic converters and electric motor drives are being put into use at an increasingly rapid rate in advanced automobiles. However, the new advanced automotive electrical systems employ multivoltage level hybrid ac and dc as well as electromechanical systems that have unique characteristics, dynamics, and stability problems that are not well understood due to the nonlinearity and time dependency of converters and because of their constant power characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to present an assessment of the negative impedance instability concept of the constant power loads (CPLs) in automotive power systems. The main focus of this paper is to analyze and propose design criteria of controllers for automotive converters/systems operating with CPLs. The proposed method is to devise a new comprehensive approach to the applications of power electronic converters and motor drives in advanced automotive systems. Sliding-mode and feedback linearization techniques along with large-signal phase plane analysis are presented as methods to analyze, control, and stabilize automotive converters/systems with CPLs