Application of a new choline-imidazole based deep eutectic solvents in hybrid magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for efficient and selective removal of naproxen from aqueous samples

• Published in: Materials chemistry and physics Vol. 261; p. 124228
• Main Authors: Husin, Nor Aniisah, Muhamad, Musthahimah, Yahaya, Noorfatimah, Miskam, Mazidatulakmam, Syazni Nik Mohamed Kamal, Nik Nur, Asman, Saliza, Raoov, Muggundha, Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.03.2021; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Adsorbents; Adsorption; Chemisorption; Choline; Deep eutectic solvents; Fourier transforms; Functional groups; Imidazole; Imprinted polymers; Infrared analysis; Iron oxides; Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer; Magnetic properties; Magnetometers; Multilayers; Naproxen; Removal; Selectivity; Solvents; Toxicity testing; Wastewater; Water sampling; Removal; Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer; Wastewater; Deep eutectic solvents; Naproxen
• ISSN: 0254-0584; 1879-3312
• DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.124228

A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (Fe3O4@MIP) with naproxen (as template) was successfully prepared by adding a co-solvent consisting of a choline-imidazole based deep eutectic solvent (ChCl-BuIM) during polymerisation. The morphological, functional group, and magnetic characteristics of the synthesised materials were characterised by elemental analysis, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. This hybrid Fe3O4@MIP-ChCl-BuIM material was used as a magnetic adsorbent for efficient and selective removal of naproxen from wastewater samples. A batch adsorption study showed that adsorption of naproxen onto the multilayer surface of the adsorbent through a chemisorption mechanism. The data showed that the adsorption was feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic. The Fe3O4@MIP-ChCl-BuIM removed more naproxen (93.2–97.1%) than Fe3O4@MIP without ChCl-BuIM (83.2–88.9%). This finding confirms that the use of ChCl-BuIM improved both the selectivity and affinity of the MIP adsorbent towards naproxen. Competitive recognition studies of the Fe3O4@MIP-ChCl-BuIM using naproxen and structurally similar non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs revealed that the Fe3O4@MIP-ChCl-BuIM had high selectivity for naproxen. A cytotoxicity test showed that the synthesised ChCl-BuIM was non-toxic, as the human normal cell lines MCF-10A, and BEAS-2B maintained viability above 50%. These results show that Fe3O4@MIP-ChCl-BuIM has potential for use as a functional adsorption material for the removal of naproxen from water samples. [Display omitted] •The magnetic adsorbents of molecularly imprinted polymers based deep eutectic solvents was successfully synthesised.•Imidazole based deep eutectic solvents were used as functional monomer.•The synthesised adsorbents can recognise naproxen in real water samples effectively.