Effect of Thermoelectric Warming Therapy for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

• Published in: American journal of ophthalmology Vol. 242; pp. 181 - 188
• Main Authors: GOMEZ, MARIA-LAURA, AFSHARI, NATALIE A., GONZALEZ, DAISY D., CHENG, LINGYUN
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago Elsevier Limited 01.10.2022
• Subjects: Autoimmune diseases; Eye diseases; Glaucoma; Heat; Macular degeneration; Patients; Questionnaires; Rosacea
• ISSN: 0002-9394; 1879-1891
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.06.013

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy of thermoelectric warming therapy (MiBoFlo) in improving patient symptoms with standardized questionnaires and objective signs of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), which is an important underlying treatable factor in dry eye disease (DED), such as ocular surface staining, tear quality, and meibomian gland morphology. Multivariate analysis to identify predictors for the improvement in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) was also performed.DesignRetrospective before-and-after study.MethodsA total of 203 eyes of 102 patients with DED were treated with MiBoFlo at the dry eye center. The OSDI and Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaires, best-corrected visual acuity, tear osmolarity, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival staining, meibography, number of glands expressing liquid, and quality of the improved meibum were assessed before and 6 months after MiBoFlo. Exclusion criteria included active ocular inflammation.ResultsDry eye symptoms improved in the population, with both SPEED and OSDI lowering of dry eye symptoms by approximately 35% (P < .001) at month 6. Significant improvements in lissamine green conjunctival staining, corneal fluorescein staining, TBUT, osmolarity, and secreting meibomian glands and meibum quality were also seen. Improvement was seen across all domains of the questionnaires and across all baseline parameters. Eyes with blepharitis and autoimmune disease improved less than average. No complications or adverse events occurred.ConclusionsMiBoFlo treatments produced clinical and statistically significant improvements in the signs and symptoms of MGD, irrespective of underlying ocular conditions. This improvement was sustained for the 6-month period of observation after initiating the treatment.