Organosilicon compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide: Synthesis, polymerization, modification, and production of new materials

• Published in: Polymer science. Series B Vol. 58; no. 3; pp. 235 - 270
• Main Authors: Pigaleva, M. A., Elmanovich, I. V., Temnikov, M. N., Gallyamov, M. O., Muzafarov, A. M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01.05.2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Carbon dioxide; Chemical reactions; Chemical synthesis; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Insertion; Monomers; Morphology; Organosilicon compounds; Polymer matrix composites; Polymer Sciences; Polymerization; Polymers; Reagents; Review; Selectivity; Siloxanes; Solvents; Synthesis (chemistry)
• ISSN: 1560-0904; 1555-6123
• DOI: 10.1134/S1560090416030118

The main promising opportunities for the advantageous combination of organosilicon compounds and supercritical carbon dioxide both as a solvent and as a reagent in chemical processes are analyzed. The main processes of polymerization and modification of polymer matrices that are performed in supercritical СО 2 with the use of organosilicon materials of various types are outlined. Methods for the obtaining organosilicon polymers and polymer-inorganic composites and methods for the application of siloxane stabilizers in the dispersion polymerization of monomers in supercritical СО 2 are described. Studies of the insertion of a СО 2 molecule into Si–H, Si–N, and Si–O–Me bonds in reactions that feature exceptionally high chemical selectivity and afford a wide spectrum of products potentially useful for application in the chemistry of polymer materials are considered. It is shown that the silylation of surfaces of various types and morphologies in the medium of supercritical СО 2 is a rapidly developing green approach that makes it possible to obtain highly uniform defect-free coatings with variable desired functionality.