Evaluation of fructosamine concentration as an index marker for glycaemic control in diabetic dogs

• Published in: Veterinary record Vol. 190; no. 2; p. no
• Main Authors: Zeugswetter, Florian K., Beer, Raphael, Schwendenwein, Ilse
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01.01.2022
• Subjects: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring - veterinary; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - diagnosis; Diabetes Mellitus - veterinary; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dogs; flash glucose monitoring; FreeStyle Libre; Fructosamine; glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin A - analysis; Glycemic Control - veterinary; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; FreeStyle Libre; glucose; diabetes mellitus; flash glucose monitoring
• ISSN: 0042-4900; 2042-7670
• DOI: 10.1002/vetr.244

Background Although fructosamine is a commonly used surrogate marker to assess glycaemic control in diabetic dogs, its diagnostic accuracy has been questioned. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of fructosamine measurements to diagnose well and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), using continuous glucose monitoring as a gold standard. Methods Twenty‐four dogs with treated DM and continuous glucose monitoring for mean (±SD) 13.1 (±1.7) days were retrospectively analysed. Two assessment strategies were applied to categorize glycaemic control, and fructosamine concentrations were determined shortly after sensor cessation using a colorimetric assay. Results Correlations of individual fructosamine concentrations with mean glucose as well as percentage of measurements > 15 mmol/L were not significant (p = 0.372, p = 0.129). Fructosamine did not differ between dogs with and without hypoglycaemic episodes (p = 0.64). Receiver operating characteristic analysis for fructosamine to diagnose either good or poor glycaemic control revealed AUC values of 0.71 (p = 0.025) indicating moderate accuracy, and 0.7 (p = 0.135) indicating AUC is non‐discriminatory, respectively. The respective positive likelihood ratios for the optimal cutoffs to identify good (<396 μmol/L) and poor control (>449 μmol/L) were three. Conclusions Fructosamine measurement is an imperfect surrogate marker for classifying glycaemic control in diabetic dogs and can only complement serial glucose measurements.