miR‐142‐3p/5p role in cancer: From epigenetic regulation to immunomodulation

• Published in: Cell biochemistry and function Vol. 42; no. 2; pp. e3931 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zareifar, Parisa, Ahmed, Hani Moslem, Ghaderi, Pouya, Farahmand, Yalda, Rahnama, Negin, Esbati, Romina, Moradi, Ali, Yazdani, Omid, Sadeghipour, Yasin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2024
• Subjects: Cancer; Cancer therapies; Cell interactions; Epigenesis, Genetic; epigenetic; Epigenetics; Exosomes; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genes; Humans; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Immunomodulation; Immunosuppression; Malignancy; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - metabolism; miRNA; miR‐142‐3p; miR‐142‐5p; Neoplasms - genetics; Signal transduction; Tumor suppressor genes; Tumorigenesis; Tumors; immunomodulation; miR-142-5p; cancer; miR-142-3p; epigenetic
• ISSN: 0263-6484; 1099-0844
• DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3931

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in cancer pathobiology, acting as regulators of gene expression and pivotal drivers of tumorigenesis. It is believed that miRNAs act through canonical mechanisms, involving the binding of mature miRNAs to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and subsequent repression of protein translation or degradation of target mRNAs. miR‐142‐3p/5p has been extensively studied and established as a key regulator in various malignancies. Recent discoveries have revealed miR‐142‐3p/5p serve as either oncogene or tumor suppressor in cancer. By targeting epigenetic factor and cancer‐related signaling pathway, miR‐142‐3p/5p can regulate wide range of downstream genes. The immune modulatory role of miR‐142‐3p/5p has been shown in various cancers, which provides significant insight into immunosuppression and tumor escape from the immune response. Exosomes with miR‐142‐3p/5p facilitate cell communication and can affect cancer cell behavior, offering potential therapeutic, and diagnosis applications in cancer therapy. In this review, for the first time, we comprehensively summarize the current knowledge regarding mentioned functions of miR‐142‐3p/5p in cancer pathobiology. Significance statement Targeting the cancer‐related signaling pathway and epigenetic factor, miR‐142‐3p/5p can control a large number of downstream genes. Numerous cancers have demonstrated the immune‐modulatory function of miR‐142‐3p/5p, which offers important new understanding of immunosuppression and tumor resistance to the immune system. Exosomes containing miR‐142‐3p/5p have the ability to influence cancer cell behavior and enhance cell‐to‐cell communication, potentially providing therapeutic and diagnostic applications in cancer therapy. For the first time, we provide a thorough summary of the state of knowledge regarding the roles that miR‐142‐3p/5p have been mentioned in cancer pathobiology in this review.