Impacts of Online Reviews on Brick-and-Mortar Stores’ Omnichannel Retail Strategy

• Published in: IEEE transactions on engineering management Vol. 71; pp. 2549 - 2560
• Main Authors: Ye, Fei, Liang, Lunhai, Tong, Yang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 2024; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Business; Business model; Business models; consumer reviews; consumer type; Consumers; Cost accounting; distribution channel; Electronic commerce; Game theory; online intermediary; Optical character recognition software; Pricing; Retail stores; Strategy; Supply chains; Uncertainty
• ISSN: 0018-9391; 1558-0040
• DOI: 10.1109/TEM.2022.3189747

Adding an online channel by cooperating with an online intermediary not only allows a brick-and-mortar (B&M) retailer to reach a larger potential market, but it also allows the B&M retailer to collect online consumer reviews (OCRs) from the online intermediary. OCRs can provide additional information for consumers to mitigate their uncertainty about product valuation. In this article, we develop a game-theoretic model to investigate how OCRs affect the B&M retailer's channel strategy and business model choice. Consumers may be self-evaluating or reviews-referenced, depending on whether they use OCRs to update their product valuation. We show that negative OCRs will deter the B&M retailer from adding an online channel by cooperating with the intermediary. Counterintuitively, the B&M retailer can still benefit from cooperating with the intermediary if the information disclosed by OCRs is only slightly negative. We also show that the B&M retailer's optimal strategy varies with the commission rate, the increase in market size achieved by cooperating with the intermediary, the proportion of reviews-referenced (self-evaluating) consumers, and the information disclosed by OCRs. Interestingly, when the commission rate is not too high and the increase in market size achieved by cooperating with the intermediary is moderate, more review-referenced customers and more positive information disclosed by OCRs will shift the B&M retailer's optimal business model from the agency model to the reselling model, then back to the agency model. This article reveals the importance of OCRs, and provides physical stores with valuable knowledge of their online expansion strategies and business model choices under various sets of market conditions.