Targeted therapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumours

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms originating in the gastrointestinal tract, usually in the stomach or the small intestine,and rarely elsewhere in the abdomen. The malignant potential of GISTs is variable ranging from small lesions with a benign behaviour to fatal sa...

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Published inWorld journal of gastrointestinal surgery Vol. 8; no. 5; pp. 345 - 352
Main Authors Jakhetiya, Ashish, Garg, Pankaj Kumar, Prakash, Gaurav, Sharma, Jyoti, Pandey, Rambha, Pandey, Durgatosh
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 27.05.2016
Subjects
Gastrointestinal
Imatinib
inhibitors
kinase
Molecular
Protein
Survival
targeted
Therapeutics Advances
therapy
tumors
Molecular targeted therapy
Imatinib
Protein kinase inhibitors
Gastrointestinal tumors
Survival
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Summary:Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms originating in the gastrointestinal tract, usually in the stomach or the small intestine,and rarely elsewhere in the abdomen. The malignant potential of GISTs is variable ranging from small lesions with a benign behaviour to fatal sarcomas. The majority of the tumours stain positively for the CD-117 (KIT)and discovered on GIST-1 (DOG-1 or anoctamin 1)expression,and they are characterized by the presence of a driver kinase-activating mutation in either KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor α. Although surgery is the primary modality of treatment, almost half of the patients have disease recurrence following surgery, which highlights the need for an effective adjuvant therapy. Traditionally, GISTs are considered chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistant. With the advent of targeted therapy (tyrosine kinase inhibitors),there has been a paradigm shift in the management of GISTs in the last decade. We present a comprehensive review of targeted therapy in the management of GISTs.
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Correspondence to: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Garg, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, University of Delhi, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India. dr.pankajgarg@gmail.com
Author contributions: Jakhetiya A and Garg PK searched the literature, analyzed the retrieved literature, and wrote the initial draft; Garg PK conceptualized the study; Pandey D, Prakash G and Sharma J provided critical inputs in literature search and analysis, and drafted the manuscript; all the authors read and approved the final draft.
Telephone: +91-1122-592536 Fax: +91-1122-590495
ISSN:1948-9366
1948-9366
DOI:10.4240/wjgs.v8.i5.345