Capacity Analysis For Orthogonal Halftone Orientation Modulation Channels

• Published in: IEEE transactions on image processing Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 405 - 411
• Main Authors: Bulan, O., Monga, V., Sharma, G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.01.2012; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Algorithms; Applied sciences; Capacity; Channel capacity; Channel estimation; Computer Communication Networks; Cryptography; Data Compression - methods; Density functional theory; Entropy; Exact sciences and technology; halftone; hardcopy data embedding; Image Enhancement - methods; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods; Image processing; Information, signal and communications theory; Joints; Modulation; Modulation, demodulation; orientation modulation channel; Pattern Recognition, Automated - methods; Printing; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Signal and communications theory; Signal processing; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Telecommunications and information theory; halftone; hardcopy data embedding; orientation modulation channel; Information protection; Capacity; Modulation; Error rate; Information rate; Information transmission
• ISSN: 1057-7149; 1941-0042
• DOI: 10.1109/TIP.2011.2155078

Halftone dot orientation modulation has recently been proposed as a method for data hiding in printed images. Extraction of data embedded with halftone orientation modulation is accomplished by computing, from the scanned hardcopy image, detection statistics that uniquely identify the embedded orientation. From a communications perspective, this data hiding setup forms an interesting class of channels with dot orientation as input and a vector of statistics as the output. This paper derives capacity expressions for these channels that allow for numerical evaluation of the capacity. Results provide significant insight for orientation modulation based print-scan resilient data hiding: the capacity varies significantly as a function of the image graylevel and experimentally observed error free data rates closely mirror the variation in capacity.