Nitrates of cerium and samarium deposit on human enamel independently of a salivary pellicle
The aim of this study was to analyze the precipitation of Cerium(III)nitrate hexahydrate [Ce(NO ) ] or Samarium(III)nitrate hexahydrate [Sm(NO ) ] solutions on human enamel with and without a salivary pellicle. Investigated parameters were At%Ce and At%Sm measured using energy dispersive x-ray spect...
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Published in | Frontiers in oral health Vol. 5; p. 1455924 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
29.08.2024
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The aim of this study was to analyze the precipitation of Cerium(III)nitrate hexahydrate [Ce(NO
)
] or Samarium(III)nitrate hexahydrate [Sm(NO
)
] solutions on human enamel with and without a salivary pellicle. Investigated parameters were At%Ce and At%Sm measured using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) after test solution (two concentrations) application.
Precipitation of Ce(NO
)
and Sm(NO
)
solutions was examined on human enamel with and without a salivary pellicle. 6 enamel specimens each were obtained from 12 freshly extracted human third molars. These specimens were ground flat and polished. A salivary pellicle was created on 3 of the 6 specimens per tooth by storing the samples in human saliva. Subsequently, an aqueous solution of Ce(NO
)
was applied to 2 of the 6 specimens (one with, one without salivary pellicle) for 60 s. The same was carried out with an aqueous solution of Sm(NO
)
on 2 further specimens. The remaining 2 specimens from each tooth were treated with demineralized water (negative control). Ce(NO
)
and Sm(NO
)
solutions were applied at 25 or 50 wt% (aqueous solutions). The test materials and concentrations were distributed using a randomization table. After 60 s exposure and rinsing with demineralized water, the elemental composition (Ce, Sm, Ca, P, O, N, Na, Mg) of the enamel surface was analyzed by EDX. Atomic percentages (At%), differences (ΔAt%) and calcium/phosphorous-ratios (Ca/P-ratios) were calculated and analyzed non-parametrically (
= 0.05).
2.0-2.3 At%Ce (median) was detected on Ce(NO
)
-treated enamel and 0.4-0.7 At% Sm (median) was detected on Sm(NO
)
-treated enamel. Ce was only detected on the surfaces after application of Ce(NO
)
, Sm only after application of Sm(NO
)
. The Ca/P-ratio was significantly lower (1.37-1.59;
= 0.028) after the application of 25% and 50%Ce(NO
)
as well as 50%Sm(NO
)
compared to the control treatment (demineralized water; 1.61-1.63). After treatment with Ce(NO
)
, At%Ca and At%Na were significantly lower (
≤ 0.043) compared to treatment with Sm(NO
)
. No significant differences were found between specimens treated with 25% or 50% lanthanide nitrate solution. Presence of a salivary pellicle had no significant influence on the measured At% with the exception of specimens treated with 50% Sm(NO
)
with increased At%Sm (
≤ 0.046).
Ce(NO
)
and Sm(NO
)
precipitate on human enamel independently of the presence of a salivary pellicle. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: Chun Hung Chu, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Darren Dhananthat Chawhuaveang, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Reviewed by: Iris Xiaoxue Yin, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China |
ISSN: | 2673-4842 2673-4842 |
DOI: | 10.3389/froh.2024.1455924 |