A fungal endophyte induces local cell wall-mediated resistance in wheat roots against take-all disease
Take-all disease, caused by the Ascomycete fungus , is one of the most important root diseases of wheat worldwide. The fungus invades the roots and destroys the vascular tissue, hindering the uptake of water and nutrients. Closely related non-pathogenic species in the family, such as , occur natural...
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Published in | Frontiers in plant science Vol. 15; p. 1444271 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
18.09.2024
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Take-all disease, caused by the Ascomycete fungus
, is one of the most important root diseases of wheat worldwide. The fungus invades the roots and destroys the vascular tissue, hindering the uptake of water and nutrients. Closely related non-pathogenic species in the
family, such as
, occur naturally in arable and grassland soils and have previously been reported to reduce take-all disease in field studies. However, the mechanism of take-all protection has remained unknown. Here, we demonstrate that take-all control is achieved via local but not systemic host changes in response to prior
root colonisation. A time-course wheat RNA sequencing analysis revealed extensive transcriptional reprogramming in
-colonised tissues, characterised by a striking downregulation of key cell wall-related genes, including genes encoding cellulose synthases (CESA), and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTH). In addition, we characterise the root infection biologies of
and
in wheat. We investigate the ultrastructure of previously described "subepidermal vesicles" (SEVs), dark swollen fungal cells produced in wheat roots by non-pathogenic
, but not by pathogenic
We show that
SEVs share key characteristics of fungal resting structures, containing a greater number of putative lipid bodies and a significantly thickened cell wall compared to infection hyphae. We hypothesise that SEVs are fungal resting structures formed due to halted hyphal growth in the root cortex, perhaps as a stress response to locally induced wheat defence responses. In the absence of take-all resistant wheat cultivars or non-virulent
strains, studying closely related non-pathogenic
provides a much needed avenue to elucidate take-all resistance mechanisms in wheat. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Ruchi Agarrwal, National Research Center on Pomegranate (ICAR), India Neeraj Pal, Meril Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., India Edited by: Yasser Nehela, University of Florida, United States Present addresses: Tania Chancellor, Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Daniel P. Smith, John Innes Centre, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Norwich John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom; Eudri Venter, JEOL (UK) Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Vanessa McMillan, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Cambridge, United Kingdom; Javier Palma-Guerrero, Department of Crop Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FIBL), Frick, Switzerland Tariq Mukhtar, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan |
ISSN: | 1664-462X 1664-462X |
DOI: | 10.3389/fpls.2024.1444271 |