Global prevalence patterns and distribution of Vibrio cholerae: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 176,740 samples

• Published in: Journal of infection and public health Vol. 17; no. 11; p. 102558
• Main Authors: Engku Abd Rahman, Engku Nur Syafirah, Irekeola, Ahmad Adebayo, Elmi, Abdirahman Hussein, Chua, Wei Chuan, Chan, Yean Yean
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Cholera; Global; Incidence; Prevalence; Vibrio cholerae; Cholera; Prevalence; Vibrio cholerae; Global; Incidence
• ISSN: 1876-0341; 1876-035X; 1876-035X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102558

This global systematic review and meta-analysis of Vibrio cholerae prevalence, covering environmental, food, animal, and human samples, analysed 111 studies from five databases. The meta-analysis, adhering to standard reporting guidelines, revealed a pooled prevalence of 10.6 % (95 % CI; 8.2 – 13.5; I2 = 99.595 %, p < 0.001) from 176,740 samples, including 27,219 cholera cases. Despite significant publication bias (Egger’s test, p = 0.00018), prevalence estimate remained stable in leave-one-out analysis. Subgroup analysis showed prevalence varied by region, with Indonesia highest (55.2 %) and Jordan lowest (0.2 %). Asia continent had the highest prevalence (13.9 %), followed by South America (12.1 %), and lowest in Europe (3.8 %). Environmental samples exhibited the highest prevalence (24.9 %), while human samples had the lowest (7.1 %). The pervasive presence of V. cholerae in environmental resources highlights the persistent risk of global cholera outbreaks, necessitating urgent proactive measures and ongoing surveillance for effective cholera control. [Display omitted]