Role of some natural anti-oxidants in the down regulation of Kim, VCAM1, Cystatin C protein expression in lead acetate-induced acute kidney injury

• Published in: Pharmacological reports Vol. 72; no. 2; pp. 360 - 367
• Main Authors: Alhusaini, Ahlam M., Fadda, Laila M., Hasan, Iman H., Ali, Hanaa M., Badr, Amira, Elorabi, Najlaa, Alomar, Hatun, Alqahtani, Qamraa, Zakaria, Enas, Alanazi, Abeer
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.04.2020
• Subjects: Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance; Medicine; Pharmacotherapy; Pharmacy; ascorbic acid; Pb-acetate; Curcumin; Vascular adhesion molecule-1; DNA fragmentation; Cystatin C; L-ascorbic acid
• ISSN: 1734-1140; 2299-5684
• DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00072-8

Background Lead is a dangerous systemic toxicant and can provoke life-threatening renal injury. The plan of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of curcumin (CRMN) and l -ascorbic acid ( l -ascb) alone or together to counteract lead acetate (Pb-acetate)-induced renal damage in rats and to find out the underlying mechanisms of action of these nutraceuticals. Methods Pb-acetate (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was injected in male rats along with l -ascb (250 mg/kg/day) and/or CRMN (200 mg/kg/day) orally for 7 days. Results Pb-acetate administration increased serum urea, creatinine and uric acid. Renal tissue showed a marked depletion in reduced glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity and elevation in nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels. Serum C-reactive protein and IL-1β levels were elevated. Up-regulation of the expression of kidney injury molecule, vascular adhesion molecule-1 and Cystatin C were noticed after Pb-acetate administration. DNA fragmentation was also increased in renal tissues. Histopathological examination revealed a destructed partial layer of Bowman’s capsule, proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Treatment with the aforementioned antioxidants ameliorated most of the altered measured biomarker levels. Conclusion Interestingly, the combination of l -ascb and CRMN showed the superlative protective effect against Pb-acetate-induced nephrotoxicity.