Biological traits and prey consumption of Anthocoris minki fed on Agonoscena pistaciae and Brachycaudus (Thuleaphis) amygdalinus

• Published in: Phytoparasitica Vol. 39; no. 4; pp. 333 - 342
• Main Authors: Yanik, Ertan, Unlu, Levent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.09.2011; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agriculture; Anthocoridae; Anthocoris; Aphididae; Biological control; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Brachycaudus; Crop diseases; Ecology; Eggs; Fecundity; Females; Hemiptera; Homoptera; Indigenous species; Insect control; Insects; Life cycles; Life Sciences; Longevity; Nuts; Pest control; Pests; Plant Pathology; Plant Sciences; Predation; Predators; Prey; Prunus dulcis; Psyllidae; Survival; Predatory insects; Pistachio psylla; Life table parameters; Biological control
• ISSN: 0334-2123; 1876-7184
• DOI: 10.1007/s12600-011-0165-5

The predatory insect Anthocoris minki Dohrn (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) is an indigenous Anthocoris species for the biological control of pests in pistachio orchards. The pistachio psylla Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Homoptera: Psyllidae) is an important insect pest in pistachio trees in Turkey. Similarly, Brachycaudus ( Thuleaphis ) amygdalinus (Schouteden) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a pest of almond trees that is considered as alternative prey for A. minki when pistachio psylla are not available in early spring on pistachio trees. The development time, survival percentage of immature stages, longevity, fecundity, prey consumption, and life table parameters of A. minki fed on A. pistaciae and B. amygdalinus nymphs were determined at 25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 5% r.h., and a 16 h:8 h (L:D) photoperiod under laboratory conditions. The nymphal survival rate was significantly higher when nymphs were fed on A. pistaciae (an average of 96.7%) than on B. amygdalinus (an average of 71.4%). The development time of A. minki was significantly shorter when nymphs were fed on B. amygdalinus (10.3 days) as opposed to A. pistaciae (11.0 days). No significant differences among prey species were found for longevity and fecundity. The total female longevity and fecundity of A. minki was 38.0 days and 247.2 eggs, respectively, when nymphs were fed on A. pistaciae ; and 35.4 days and 233.0 eggs, respectively, when nymphs were fed on B. amygdalinus . On average, 104.4 A. pistaciae and 77.7 B. amygdalinus nymphs were consumed during the nymphal development time for A. minki . Adults of A. minki consumed significantly more psyllids than aphids throughout their life span. The greater difference did not significantly inpact the longevity and fecundity of A. minki . Females of A. minki consumed an average of 631.0 A. pistaciae and an average of 273.3 B. amygdalinus nymphs, while female predators consumed significantly more prey than males. The intrinsic rate of increase ( r m ) of A. minki fed on A. pistaciae (0.174) was significantly greater than those fed on B. amygdalinus (0.148). The successful development and reproduction of both A. pistaciae and B. amygdalinus indicates that they are suitable prey for A. minki.