Sol–gel synthesis of vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles in air- and water-stable ionic liquids

• Published in: Journal of materials science Vol. 44; no. 5; pp. 1363 - 1373
• Main Authors: Zoubi, Mohammad Al, Farag, Hala K., Endres, Frank
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.03.2009; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetone; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemical synthesis; Classical Mechanics; Crystal structure; Crystallinity; Crystallography and Scattering Methods; Electrode materials; Ionic liquids; Ions; Isopropanol; Lithium-ion batteries; Materials Science; Morphology; Nanoparticles; Polymer Sciences; Rechargeable batteries; Refluxing; Sol-gel processes; Solid Mechanics; Solvents; Surface area; Vanadium pentoxide; Ionic Liquid; Thermal Gravimetric Analysis; V2O5; Vanadium Pentoxide; Trifluoromethylsulfonyl
• ISSN: 0022-2461; 1573-4803
• DOI: 10.1007/s10853-008-3004-4

Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) nanoparticles were synthesized at moderate reaction temperatures by hydrolysis of VO[OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ] 3 in two different air- and water-stable ionic liquids with the same anion: 1-butyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Py 1,4 ]Tf 2 N) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([EMIM]Tf 2 N) via the sol–gel method using acetone and isopropanol either as refluxing solvents or as co-solvents. The cation type of the ionic liquid affects the crystallinity, morphology, and surface area of the produced nanoparticles: [Py 1,4 ]Tf 2 N gave products with higher crystallinity especially with acetone as a refluxing and co-solvent, while [EMIM]Tf 2 N gave a clear mesoporous morphology with isopropanol as a refluxing solvent. Ionic liquids affect the key factors (morphology and surface area) that make V 2 O 5 an attractive material as catalyst and/or cathodic material for lithium ion batteries.