Diabetes-Related Symptoms and Negative Mood in Participants of a Targeted Population-Screening Program for Type 2 Diabetes: The Hoorn Screening Study

• Published in: Quality of life research Vol. 14; no. 6; pp. 1501 - 1509
• Main Authors: Marcel C. Adriaanse, Jacqueline M. Dekker, Annemieke M. W. Spijkerman, Jos W. R. Twisk, Giel Nijpels, van der Ploeg, Henk M., Robert J. Heine, Frank J. Snoek
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Springer 01.08.2005; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Affect; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Blood Glucose - analysis; Case-Control Studies; Depressive disorders; Diabetes; Diabetes complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - psychology; Diabetic neuropathies; Fatigue; Fatigue - etiology; Female; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hyperglycemia - etiology; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Negativism; Netherlands; Quality of Life; Questionnaires; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Self Concept; Sickness Impact Profile; Surveys and Questionnaires; Symptom checklists; Symptoms; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Wellbeing; Netherlands
• ISSN: 0962-9343; 1573-2649
• DOI: 10.1007/s11136-004-0028-3

Objective: To determine the level of diabetes-related symptom distress and its association with negative mood in subjects participating in a targeted population-screening program, comparing those identified as having type 2 diabetes vs. those who did not. Research design and methods: This study was conducted within the framework of a targeted screening project for type 2 diabetes in a general Dutch population (age 50-75 years). The study sample consisted of 246 subjects, pre-selected on the basis of a high-risk profile; 116 of whom were subsequently identified as having type 2 diabetes, and 130 who were non-diabetic subjects. Diabetes-related symptom distress and negative mood was assessed ∼2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, with the Type 2 Diabetes Symptom Checklist and the Negative well-being sub scale of the Well-being Questionnaire (W-BQ12), respectively. Results: Screening-detected diabetic patients reported significantly greater burden of hyperglycemic (F = 6.0, df = 1, p = 0.015) and of fatigue (F = 5.3, df = 1, p = 0.023) symptoms in the first year following diagnosis type 2 diabetes compared to non-diabetic subjects. These outcomes did not change over time. The total symptom distress (range 0-4) was relatively low for both screening-detected diabetic patients (median at ∼2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months; 0.24, 0.24, 0.29) and non-diabetic subjects (0.15, 0.15, 0.18), and not significantly different. No average difference and change over time in negative well-being was found between screening-detected diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects. Negative well-being was significantly positive related with the total symptom distress score (regression coefficient β = 2.86, 95% CI 2.15-3.58). Conclusions: The screening-detected diabetic patients were bothered more by symptoms of hyperglycemia and fatigue in the first year following diagnosis type 2 diabetes than non-diabetic subjects. More symptom distress is associated with increased negative mood in both screening-detected diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects.