Measurement-device-independent one-step quantum secure direct communication

• Published in: Chinese physics B Vol. 31; no. 12; pp. 120303 - 292
• Main Authors: Ying, Jia-Wei, Zhou, Lan, Zhong, Wei, Sheng, Yu-Bo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd 01.11.2022; Institute of Quantum Information and Technology,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210003,China%College of Science,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China%Institute of Quantum Information and Technology,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210003,China; College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology),Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China
• Subjects: hyperentanglement Bell state measurement; hyperentanglement-assisted complete polarization Bell state measurement; measurement-device-independent; one-step quantum secure direct communication; hyperentan-glement Bell state measurement; hyperentanglement-assisted complete polarization Bell state measurement; measurement-device-independent; one-step quantum secure direct communication
• ISSN: 1674-1056
• DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac8f37

The one-step quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) ( Sci. Bull. 67 , 367 (2022)) can effectively simplify QSDC’s operation and reduce message loss. For enhancing its security under practical experimental condition, we propose two measurement-device-independent (MDI) one-step QSDC protocols, which can resist all possible attacks from imperfect measurement devices. In both protocols, the communication parties prepare identical polarization-spatial-mode two-photon hyperentangled states and construct the hyperentanglement channel by hyperentanglement swapping. The first MDI one-step QSDC protocol adopts the nonlinear-optical complete hyperentanglement Bell state measurement (HBSM) to construct the hyperentanglement channel, while the second protocol adopts the linear-optical partial HBSM. Then, the parties encode the photons in the polarization degree of freedom and send them to the third party for the hyperentanglement-assisted complete polarization Bell state measurement. Both protocols are unconditionally secure in theory. The simulation results show the MDI one-step QSDC protocol with complete HBSM attains the maximal communication distance of about 354 km. Our MDI one-step QSDC protocols may have potential applications in the future quantum secure communication field.