Bone mineral density after removal of rigid plates from forearm fractures: preliminary report

• Published in: Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Vol. 8; no. 6; pp. 772 - 776
• Main Authors: Kettunen, Jukkas, Kröger, Heikki, Bowditch, Mark, Joukainen, Jaakko, Suomalainen, Olavi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tokyo Elsevier B.V 01.11.2003; Springer; Japanese Orthopaedic Association; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Arm Injuries - diagnosis; Arm Injuries - surgery; Biological and medical sciences; Bone density; Bone Density - physiology; Bone mineral density; Bone Plates; Bones; Device Removal - adverse effects; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Forearm fracture; Fracture Fixation, Internal - instrumentation; Fracture Fixation, Internal - methods; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Older people; Orthopedic surgery; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis - diagnosis; Osteoporosis - etiology; Plate removal; Probability; Radius Fractures - diagnosis; Radius Fractures - surgery; Risk Assessment; Sampling Studies; Statistics, Nonparametric; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Treatment Outcome; Ulna Fractures - diagnosis; Ulna Fractures - surgery; Forearm fracture; Bone mineral density; Plate removal; Human; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Fracture; Trauma; Diaphysis; Plate; Forearm; Treatment; Surgery; Bone
• ISSN: 0949-2658; 1436-2023
• DOI: 10.1007/s00776-003-0718-7

Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured on three occasions following removal of metal plates used to fixate diaphyseal forearm fractures in eight patients (mean age 38.5 years). At plate removal the mean BMD of the distal radius/ulna and the ulnar shaft sites were, respectively, 10.2% and 2.1% lower than on the nonfractured side. The apparent volumetric BMD (BMDvol) at the ulnar fracture site was 4.3% lower. At 6 months follow-up (n= 5) the mean ulnar shaft BMD had increased by 6.4% (P= 0.04), resulting in complete recovery of BMD, whereas the increase in BMDvol did not reach the BMDvol of the control side. No recovery was found at the distal radius/ulna site. We conclude that there is a small, partially reversible bone density deficit in the ulnar shaft that has been underneath the plate. Although the decreased bone density may in part be responsible for increased refracture risk at the fracture site immediately after plate removal, it is negligible after 6 months. The cessation of the effects of stress shielding is probably responsible for the increased bone density after plate removal.