Study of Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics Doped with Gadolinium Ions with Various EPR Techniques

Tricalcium phosphate (TCP)-based materials, such as β-Ca3(PO4)2 doped with rare earth ions (RE), have shown applications as biomaterials, lighting emitting materials, scintillating materials, in vivo imaging probes, and thermoluminescent dosimeters. Their properties are found to be dependent on the...

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Published inCeramics Vol. 5; no. 4; pp. 1154 - 1166
Main Authors Sadovnikova, Margarita A., Murzakhanov, Fadis F., Fadeeva, Inna V., Forysenkova, Anna A., Deyneko, Dina V., Mamin, Georgy V., Gafurov, Marat R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2022
Subjects
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Bone surgery
Bones
Calcium ions
Calcium phosphates
Ceramic materials
Ceramics
Dielectric properties
Dipoles
Dynamic characteristics
Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron spin
ESEEM
Fine structure
Gadolinium
Gene expression
Interatomic distance
Magnetic fields
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical research
Metal ions
Nitrates
Orthopedics
Parameters
Production processes
R&D
rare-earth ions
Research & development
Spectrum analysis
Spin dynamics
Transplants & implants
tricalcium phosphate
Russia
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Summary:Tricalcium phosphate (TCP)-based materials, such as β-Ca3(PO4)2 doped with rare earth ions (RE), have shown applications as biomaterials, lighting emitting materials, scintillating materials, in vivo imaging probes, and thermoluminescent dosimeters. Their properties are found to be dependent on the distribution of RE3+ on Ca2+ sites that can be controlled by pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron spin echo envelop modulation (ESEEM) experiments. The main spectroscopic parameters (spin Hamiltonian values) of Gd3+ and nitrogen impurity centers are quantitatively determined (g-factor, the fine structure parameters D and E, the hyperfine constants A) as well as dynamic characteristics: spin–lattice T1 and spin–spin T2 relaxation times. Based on the analysis of the EPR datasets, the interatomic distance between Gd3+ and 31P was estimated in the dipole–dipole approximation. Two structurally nonequivalent Gd3+ positions in the β-TCP structure have been identified. The obtained valuable results demonstrate applicability of modern EPR techniques to characterize Gd-TCP systems despite the powder structure of the material and high electron spin S = 7/2 of Gd3+ ions.
ISSN:2571-6131
2571-6131
DOI:10.3390/ceramics5040081