Thermal treatment of bentonite reduces aflatoxin b1 adsorption and affects stem cell death

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C Vol. 55; pp. 530 - 537
• Main Authors: Nones, Janaína, Nones, Jader, Riella, Humberto Gracher, Poli, Anicleto, Trentin, Andrea Gonçalves, Kuhnen, Nivaldo Cabral
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2015
• Subjects: Adsorption; Adsorptivity; Aflatoxin B1; Aflatoxin B1 - metabolism; Aflatoxins; Animals; Bentonite; Bentonite - chemistry; Cell Death - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Cellular survival; Chemical composition; Heat treatment; Hot Temperature; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Quail; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Stem cells; Stem Cells - cytology; Stem Cells - metabolism; Thermally modified; Viability; Bentonite; Aflatoxin B1; Adsorption; Thermally modified; Cellular survival; Aflatoxin B
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.069

Bentonites are clays that highly adsorb aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and, therefore, protect human and animal cells from damage. We have recently demonstrated that bentonite protects the neural crest (NC) stem cells from the toxicity of AFB1. Its protective effects are due to the physico-chemical properties and chemical composition altered by heat treatment. The aim of this study is to prepare and characterize the natural and thermal treatments (125 to 1000°C) of bentonite from Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil and to investigate their effects in the AFB1 adsorption and in NC cell viability after challenging with AFB1. The displacement of water and mineralogical phases transformations were observed after the thermal treatments. Kaolinite disappeared at 500°C and muscovite and montmorillonite at 1000°C. Slight changes in morphology, chemical composition, and density of bentonite were observed. The adsorptive capacity of the bentonite particles progressively reduced with the increase in temperature. The observed alterations in the structure of bentonite suggest that the heat treatments influence its interlayer distance and also its adsorptive capacity. Therefore, bentonite, even after the thermal treatment (125 to 1000°C), is able to increase the viability of NC stem cells previously treated with AFB1. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of bentonite in preventing the toxic effects of AFB1. •The ability of bentonite to interact with AFB1 is dependent on thermal treatment.•Both natural and thermally modified bentonite samples protect neural crest stem cells from death that is caused by AFB1.•Thermally modified bentonite affects AFB1 adsorption.•Our results may lead to new therapeutic strategies against mycotoxins, especially against AFB1.