Evaluation of new chemical and biological nematicides for managing Meloidogyne javanica in tomato production and associated double‐crops in Florida

• Published in: Pest management science Vol. 75; no. 12; pp. 3363 - 3370
• Main Authors: Desaeger, Johan A, Watson, Tristan T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.12.2019; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Agricultural practices; Agricultural production; Animals; Antinematodal Agents - administration & dosage; Ascomycota - physiology; Benzamides - administration & dosage; Burkholderia; Burkholderia - physiology; Crop Production - methods; Crop Protection - methods; Crop yield; Crops; Cucumis sativus - growth & development; Double cropping; Field tests; Florida; fluazaindolizine; fluensulfone; fluopyram; Fruits; Fumigation; Galling; Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring - administration & dosage; Integrated pest management; Lycopersicon esculentum - growth & development; Lycopersicon esculentum - parasitology; Meloidogyne javanica; Nematicides; Nematodes; Organic chemistry; Pest control; Pest Control, Biological - methods; Plant Diseases - parasitology; Plant Diseases - prevention & control; Plant growth; Potassium; Pyridines - administration & dosage; Soil chemistry; Soils; Sulfonamides - administration & dosage; Sulfones - administration & dosage; Thiazoles - administration & dosage; tomato production; Tomatoes; Tylenchoidea; Vigor; Florida; United States > US; fluensulfone; tomato production; fluazaindolizine; nematicides; fluopyram; Meloidogyne javanica
• ISSN: 1526-498X; 1526-4998
• DOI: 10.1002/ps.5481

BACKGROUND Two field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy and field performance of three new non‐fumigant chemical nematicides (fluensulfone, fluopyram, and fluazaindolizine) and two biological nematicides (Burkholderia rinojensis strain A396 and Purpureocillium lilacinus strain 251) for management of root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica) on tomato and associated double‐crops in Florida. RESULTS In experiment 1, soil fumigation with metam potassium increased plant growth and reduced root galling on tomato by 77% relative to that of the untreated soil. All non‐fumigant chemical nematicides reduced root galling on tomato (47–85% reduction); however, only fluensulfone showed a trend towards yield enhancement. In experiment 2, soil fumigation with chloropicrin increased plant growth and reduced root galling on tomato by 35% relative to that of the untreated soil; however, end‐of‐season populations of M. javanica in soil were larger than that of the non‐fumigated soil. Fluensulfone showed a trend towards reduced root galling and enhanced fruit yield, whereas other non‐fumigant nematicides did not. Double‐cropped cucumber was 69% more galled when planted into soil previously fumigated with chloropicrin relative to that of untreated soil, and also showed reduced plant vigor and fruit yield. CONCLUSION Fluensulfone shows significant potential to be a component of an integrated pest management strategy for tomato in Florida. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry Field experiments were conducted to evaluate three new non‐fumigant chemical nematicides and two biological nematicides. Fluensulfone shows significant potential to suppress root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on tomato.