Chemical welding of diamine molecules in graphene oxide nanosheets: Design of precisely controlled interlayer spacings with the fast Li+ diffusion coefficient toward high-performance storage application

• Published in: Electrochimica acta Vol. 380; p. 138114
• Main Authors: Zhang, Bin-Mei, Zhang, Yu-Shan, Liu, Mao-Cheng, Li, Jun, Lu, Chun, Gu, Bingni, Liu, Ming-Jin, Hu, Yu-Xia, Zhao, Kun, Liu, Wen-Wu, Niu, Wen-Jun, Kong, Ling-Bin, Chueh, Yu-Lun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2021; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Current density; Dehydration; Diamines; Diffusion barriers; Diffusion coefficient; Diffusion rate; Energy storage; Expanded interlayer spacing; Flux density; Graphene; Graphene oxide nanosheets; Interlayers; Ions diffusion coefficient; Lithium ions; Lithium ions storage; Nanosheets; Rate capability; Stability; Welding; Lithium ions storage; Expanded interlayer spacing; Ions diffusion coefficient; Graphene oxide nanosheets; Rate capability
• ISSN: 0013-4686; 1873-3859
• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138114

A facile method of chemical welding was proposed to construct the diamine molecules (xDM, x = 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8) pillared- and strained-graphene oxides (GO) with controllable interlayer spacing via the dehydration condensation reaction between GO and xDM. The interlayer spacing of xDM pillared- and strained-GO (GO-xDM) is controllably enlarged by choosing the length of xDM, which determines the pillaring effects. The GO-xDM exhibits a low diffusion barrier and ultrafast Li+ diffusion dynamics due to its enlarged interlayer spacing, which leads the excellent Li+ storage rate capability. The effects of interlayer spacing on Li+ diffusion dynamics are clarified that GO-2DM with the interlayer spacing of 0.911 nm displays the excellent Li+ storage performance and fast Li+ diffusion dynamics (DLi+=2.4 × 10−7 cm2 s−1). The GO-2DM presents a high capacity of 291.8 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.1 A  g−1 and a high-rate capability of 120.8 mAh  g−1 at a current density of 5.0 A  g−1. The GO-2DM//AC lithium-ion hybrid capacitor delivers a high energy density of 103.6  Wh  kg−1 at a power density of 55.8  W  kg−1, even reaches 2777.8  W  kg−1 at a power density of 61.1  Wh  kg−1. The approach of chemical welding provides a novel perspective for controllably enlarging interlayer spacing and designing two-dimensional (2D) energy storage materials with high-rate capability. A novel approach that chemical welding diamine molecules (DM) between graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets via a simple dehydration condensation recation can controllably tune interlayer spacing and achieve fast Li+ insertion/extraction. [Display omitted]