Comparative Bioactivity Analysis of Green-Synthesized Metal (Cobalt, Copper, and Selenium) Nanoparticles

• Published in: Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 16; no. 3; p. e55933
• Main Authors: Ryntathiang, Iadalin, Dharmalingam Jothinathan, Mukesh Kumar, Behera, Archana, Saravanan, Saantosh, Murugan, Ramadurai
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Cureus Inc 11.03.2024; Cureus
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Cobalt; Copper; Environmental Health; Fourier transforms; Gram-positive bacteria; Healthcare Technology; Herbal medicine; Laboratories; Leaves; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Other; Selenium; Mumbai India; India; antibacterial activity; nanotechnology; cobalt nanoparticles; copper nanoparticles; green synthesis; selenium nanoparticles
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55933

Aim This study involves synthesizing metal nanoparticles (NPs) via the green synthesis method using leaf, bark, and peel and comparatively evaluating their antibacterial activity in vitro through the analysis of cobalt oxide NPs (CoNPs), copper NPs (CuNPs), and selenium NPs (SeNPs). This research contributes to eco-friendly approaches for producing functional nanomaterials with potential applications in medicine and environmental remediation. Materials and methods The metal NPs were synthesized using leaf, bark, and peel. These leaf extracts act as self-reducing and stabilizing agents. The antibacterial activity was assessed by the well diffusion method. Cultures of pathogenic bacteria species such as , , , and were prepared. NPs were applied to the culture, and zones of inhibition (ZOIs) were measured. The data were statistically analyzed to compare the antibacterial efficacy of the different NPs. Results The successfully synthesized CoNPs, CuNPs, and SeNPs showed distinctive phytochemical properties. CoNPs exhibited the highest ZOI against most bacterial strains, with CuNPs and SeNPs following. CoNPs consistently showed superior performance compared to CuNPs and SeNPs. Conclusion Our study analyzed the bioactivity of metal NPs produced using green synthesis with plant extracts. CoNPs have shown superior antibacterial effectiveness against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria when compared to CuNPs and SeNPs. This may be due to their larger surface area, smaller size, unique electrical, magnetic, and catalytic properties, as well as their improved contact with the bacterial cell wall and membrane.