A review of techniques for the investigation of otitis externa and otitis media

• Published in: Clinical techniques in small animal practice Vol. 16; no. 4; pp. 236 - 241
• Main Author: Murphy, K. Marcia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.11.2001
• Subjects: Animals; Cat Diseases - diagnosis; Cats; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dogs; Otitis Externa - diagnosis; Otitis Externa - veterinary; Otitis Media - diagnosis; Otitis Media - veterinary
• ISSN: 1096-2867; 1558-2272
• DOI: 10.1053/svms.2001.27601

Otitis externa, inflammation of the externa ear canal, is relatively easy to diagnose based on the history and physical examination findings. The diagnosis of otitis media, inflammation of the middle ear cavity, is more challenging, with the work-up being both costly and, at times, invasive. The pathogenesis of otitis externa has been classified into predisposing, primary, and perpetuating factors. It is critical to the management of ear disease that the clinician recognize and investigate which factors are contributing to each individual patient's ear disease. Failure to identify and address the primary and/or predisposing factors is the most common cause of chronic recurrent otitis externa. Chronic inflammation of the ear canal leads to the development of the perpetuating factors, which may be the major reason for treatment failure, regardless of the primary causes of the ear disease. In this article, the predisposing, primary, and perpetuating factors involved in ear disease will be presented, along with a review of the techniques used in the diagnosis of otitis externa and otitis media.