Microwave aided scalable synthesis of sulfur, nitrogen co-doped few-layered graphene material for high-performance supercapacitors

• Published in: Electrochimica acta Vol. 363; p. 137209
• Main Authors: Rotte, Naresh Kumar, Naresh, Vangapally, Muduli, Sadananda, Reddy, Venu, Srikanth, V.V.S., Martha, Surendra K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 10.12.2020; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Aqueous electrolytes; Aromatic compounds; Capacitance; Cycle life; Doping; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemical performance; Flux density; Graphene; Graphitization; Hydrogen bonds; Microwave synthesis; Nitrogen; Nitrogen co-doped FLG; Room temperature; Sulfur; Sulfuric acid; Supercapacitor; Supercapacitors; Supercapacitor; Electrochemical performance; Nitrogen co-doped FLG; Microwave synthesis; Cycle life; Sulfur
• ISSN: 0013-4686; 1873-3859
• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137209

•S, N -FLG synthesized from the acid treated graphite flakes by microwave irradiation.•S, N-FLG electrodes show the specific capacitance of 298 F g−1 at 1 A g−1.•fS, N-FLG electrode sustains 95 % of capacitance retention after 10000 cycles at 1 A g−1.•An energy density of 15 Wh kg−1 exhibited at a power density of 300 W kg−1.•Achieved capacitance is due to formation of N-S-H bonds and S, N co-doping in graphene. Doping with heteroatoms has become an approach for improving the electrochemical performance of few-layered graphene. In this work, Sulfur-nitrogen co-doped few-layered graphene synthesized from the graphite flakes acid treated with H2SO4 and HNO3 followed by microwave irradiation. Sulfur-nitrogen co-doped few-layered graphene consists of less than 15 graphene layers with a high degree of graphitization. The supercapacitor exhibited a specific energy density of 15 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 300 W kg−1at room temperature in aqueous electrolyte. The S, N-FLG electrodes show the specific capacitance of 298 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1and stable over 10,000 continuous charge-discharge cycles with 95% capacitance retention at 1 A g−1. The obtained capacitance is due to maximum utilization of few-layered graphene sheets, highest intrinsic surface capacitance due to the synergetic effect of the formation of N-S-H hydrogen bonds and S, N co-doping in graphene aromatic rings. [Display omitted]