Assessment of platelet respiration as emerging biomarker of disease

• Published in: Physiological research Vol. 68; no. 3; pp. 347 - 363
• Main Authors: Petrus, A T, Lighezan, D L, Danila, M D, Duicu, O M, Sturza, A, Muntean, D M, Ionita, I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Czech Republic Institute of Physiology 30.06.2019
• Subjects: Alzheimer's disease; Animals; Apoptosis; Bioenergetics; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - metabolism; Blood; Blood cells; Blood platelets; Blood Platelets - metabolism; Cancer; Cell Respiration - physiology; Chronic illnesses; Diabetes; Electron transport; Energy Metabolism - physiology; Heart Diseases - diagnosis; Heart Diseases - metabolism; Humans; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - metabolism; Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnosis; Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism; Oxygen Consumption - physiology; Peripheral blood; Phosphorylation; Platelets; Respiration; Skeletal muscle; Thrombosis
• ISSN: 0862-8408; 1802-9973
• DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934032

Mitochondrial dysfunction is currently acknowledged as a central pathomechanism of most common diseases of the 21(st) century. Recently, the assessment of the bioenergetic profile of human peripheral blood cells has emerged as a novel research field with potential applications in the development of disease biomarkers. In particular, platelets have been successfully used for the ex vivo analysis of mitochondrial respiratory function in several acute and chronic pathologies. An increasing number of studies support the idea that evaluation of the bioenergetic function in circulating platelets may represent the peripheral signature of mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolically active tissues (brain, heart, liver, skeletal muscle). Accordingly, impairment of mitochondrial respiration in peripheral platelets might have potential clinical applicability as a diagnostic and prognostic tool as well as a biomarker in treatment monitoring. The aim of this minireview is to summarize current information in the field of platelet mitochondrial dysfunction in both acute and chronic diseases.