Advanced valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for hybrid vehicle applications

Future vehicle applications require the development of reliable and long life batteries operating under high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) working conditions. Work presented in this paper deals with the study of different design parameters, manufacturing process and charging conditions of sp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of power sources Vol. 168; no. 1; pp. 12 - 21
Main Authors Soria, M.L., Trinidad, F., Lacadena, J.M., Sánchez, A., Valenciano, J.
Format Journal Article Conference Proceeding
LanguageEnglish
Published Lausanne Elsevier B.V 25.05.2007
Elsevier Sequoia
Subjects
Applied sciences
Charging strategies
Cycle life
Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electrical power engineering
Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells
Exact sciences and technology
Hybrid vehicles
Spiral wound
Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
Spiral wound
Cycle life
Hybrid vehicles
Charging strategies
Lead acid batteries
Service life
Hybrid vehicle
Anode
Secondary cell
Failures
Lithium battery
Manufacturing process
Graphite
Nickel
State of charge
Reliability
Performance
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Summary:Future vehicle applications require the development of reliable and long life batteries operating under high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) working conditions. Work presented in this paper deals with the study of different design parameters, manufacturing process and charging conditions of spiral wound valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries, in order to improve their reliability and cycle life for hybrid vehicle applications. Test results show that both electrolyte saturation and charge conditions have a strong effect on cycle life at HRPSoC performance, presumably because water loss finally accelerates battery failure, which is linked to irreversible sulphation in the upper part of the negative electrodes. By adding expanded graphite to the negative active mass formulation, increasing the electrolyte saturation degree (>95%) and controlling overcharge during regenerative braking periods (voltage limitation and occasional boosting) it is possible to achieve up to 220,000 cycles at 2.5% DOD, equivalent to 5500 capacity throughput. These results could make lead acid batteries a strong competitor for HEV applications versus other advanced systems such as Ni–MH or Li-ion batteries.
ISSN:0378-7753
1873-2755
DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.11.086