Syagrus coronata fixed oil prevents rotenone-induced movement disorders and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster

• Published in: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Vol. 87; no. 12; pp. 497 - 515
• Main Authors: dos Santos Nunes, Ricardo Gomes, de Amorim, Luciclaudio Cassimiro, Bezerra, Iverson Conrado, da Silva, Artur José, dos Santos, Carlos Alonso Leite, Gubert, Priscila, de Menezes, Irwin Rose Alencar, Duarte, Antonia Eliene, Barros, Luiz Marivando, da Silveira Andrade-da-Costa, Belmira Lara, da Silva, Márcia Vanusa, dos Santos Correia, Maria Tereza, da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 17.06.2024; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biological stress; Cell viability; Chemical composition; Diet; Disorders; Drosophila melanogaster; Enzymes; Fatty acids; Flavonoids; Free radicals; Fruit flies; Glutathione; Glutathione peroxidase; Impairment; Insects; Iron; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Locomotion; Molecular docking; Molecular Docking Simulation; Movement Disorders; Natural product; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neuroprotection; Neurotoxicity; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Oil; Oils & fats; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Parkinson's disease; Peroxidase; Peroxidation; Piscicides; Polyphenols; Reactive oxygen species; Rotenone; Superoxide dismutase; Syagrus coronata; Syagrus coronata fixed oil; Thiols; Toxicity; Natural product; rotenone; Syagrus coronata fixed oil; Drosophila melanogaster; antioxidant activity
• ISSN: 1528-7394; 1087-2620; 2381-3504
• DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2338431

One prominent aspect of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the presence of elevated levels of free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Syagrus coronata (S. coronata), a palm tree, exhibits antioxidant activity attributed to its phytochemical composition, containing fatty acids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. The aim of this investigation was to examine the potential neuroprotective effects of S. coronata fixed oil against rotenone-induced toxicity using Drosophila melanogaster. Young Drosophila specimens (3-4 d old) were exposed to a diet supplemented with rotenone (50 µM) for 7 d with and without the inclusion of S. coronata fixed oil (0.2 mg/g diet). Data demonstrated that rotenone exposure resulted in significant locomotor impairment and increased mortality rates in flies. Further, rotenone administration reduced total thiol levels but elevated lipid peroxidation, iron (Fe) levels, and nitric oxide (NO) levels while decreasing the reduced capacity of mitochondria. Concomitant administration of S. coronata exhibited a protective effect against rotenone, as evidenced by a return to control levels of Fe, NO, and total thiols, lowered lipid peroxidation levels, reversed locomotor impairment, and enhanced % cell viability. Molecular docking of the oil lipidic components with antioxidant enzymes showed strong binding affinity to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) enzymes. Overall, treatment with S. coronata fixed oil was found to prevent rotenone-induced movement disorders and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster.