A three-dimensional microelectrode array for chronic neural recording

Describes a 3-D microelectrode array for the chronic recording of single-unit activity in the central nervous system. The array is formed by a microassembly of planar silicon multishank microprobes, which are precisely positioned in a micromachined platform that resides on the surface of the cortex....

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE transactions on biomedical engineering Vol. 41; no. 12; pp. 1136 - 1146
Main Authors Hoogerwerf, A.C., Wise, K.D.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States IEEE 01.12.1994
Subjects
Animals
Array signal processing
Automatic control
Biocompatible Materials
Central nervous system
Cerebral Cortex - pathology
Electric Impedance
Electrodes, Implanted
Electroencephalography - instrumentation
Equipment Design
Guinea Pigs
Integrated circuit interconnections
Microassembly
Microelectrodes
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Nickel
Probes
Prototypes
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation
Silicon
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Summary:Describes a 3-D microelectrode array for the chronic recording of single-unit activity in the central nervous system. The array is formed by a microassembly of planar silicon multishank microprobes, which are precisely positioned in a micromachined platform that resides on the surface of the cortex. Interconnects between the probes and the platform are formed using electroplated nickel lead transfers, implemented using automated computer control. All dimensions are controlled to /spl plusmn/1 /spl mu/m and shank/probe separations as small as 100 /spl mu/m are possible. Four-probe 16-shank prototype arrays have been tested chronically in guinea pig cortex. After three months in vivo, no significant tissue reaction has been observed surrounding these structures when they remain free to move with the brain, with normal appearing tissue between shanks spaced at 150 /spl mu/m to 200 /spl mu/m intervals. The array structure is compatible with the use of signal processing circuitry both on the probes and on the platform. A platform-based signal processing system has been designed to interface with several active probes, providing direct analog access to the recording sites, performing on-chip analog-to-digital conversion of neural activity, and providing simple binary-output recognition of single-unit spike events using a user-input threshold voltage.< >
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ISSN:0018-9294
1558-2531
DOI:10.1109/10.335862