Advances in Deep Brain Stimulation: From Mechanisms to Applications

• Published in: The Journal of neuroscience Vol. 43; no. 45; pp. 7575 - 7586
• Main Authors: Sandoval-Pistorius, Stephanie S, Hacker, Mallory L, Waters, Allison C, Wang, Jing, Provenza, Nicole R, de Hemptinne, Coralie, Johnson, Kara A, Morrison, Melanie A, Cernera, Stephanie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Society for Neuroscience 08.11.2023
• Subjects: Brain; Brain - physiology; Deep Brain Stimulation; Electric Stimulation; Electrical stimuli; Electrodes; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mental disorders; Stimulation; Symposium and Mini-Symposium; Technology; sweet spot mapping; deep brain stimulation; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; coordinated reset
• ISSN: 0270-6474; 1529-2401; 1529-2401
• DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1427-23.2023

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for various neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders, involving chronic implantation of electrodes into target brain regions for electrical stimulation delivery. Despite its safety and efficacy, DBS remains an underutilized therapy. Advances in the field of DBS, including in technology, mechanistic understanding, and applications have the potential to expand access and use of DBS, while also improving clinical outcomes. Developments in DBS technology, such as MRI compatibility and bidirectional DBS systems capable of sensing neural activity while providing therapeutic stimulation, have enabled advances in our understanding of DBS mechanisms and its application. In this review, we summarize recent work exploring DBS modulation of target networks. We also cover current work focusing on improved programming and the development of novel stimulation paradigms that go beyond current standards of DBS, many of which are enabled by sensing-enabled DBS systems and have the potential to expand access to DBS.