Neuropharmacological effects of methanolic extract of Clerodendrum viscosum leaves on wistar albino rats

• Published in: Pharmacognosy Magazine Vol. 14; no. 59; pp. 507 - 514
• Main Authors: Rath, Meera, Bhattacharya, Ayon, Santra, Soumya, Rath, Karmajeet, Ghosh, Goutam, Nanda, Bijaya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd 01.12.2018; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Albinism; Allelopathy; Animals; Antioxidants; Anxiety; Care and treatment; Chemical properties; Cytochrome; Developing countries; Drug dosages; Enzymes; Epilepsy; Folklore; Health aspects; Insomnia; Laboratories; LDCs; Nervous system; Pharmacognosy; Pharmacological research; Physiological aspects; Plant extracts; Sleep; Sodium; Studies; Verbenaceae; India; sleep; Clerodendrum viscosum; leaf; maximal electroshock seizure; Actophotometer
• ISSN: 0973-1296; 0976-4062
• DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_267_18

Background: The aim is to study the central nervous system (CNS) depressant, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic activities of methanolic extract of Clerodendrum viscosum (MECV) leaves. Materials and Methods: The study comprised five groups each with 6 Wistar albino rats. The Group 1 or the positive control (phenytoin 30 mg/kg for the epilepsy model, and diazepam 1 mg/kg for the other models), Group 2 or negative control (0.9% NaCl at 10 ml/kg), and Groups 3-5 or the test drug group (MECV at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg). Actophotometer test, staircase test, maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test, and the thiopentone sodium-induced sleep test, were used to study the various parameters. Results: The actophotometer test, MES, and staircase test (steps climbed) were analyzed using parametric tests. The sleep induction and staircase test (number of rears) were evaluated using nonparametric tests. A dose-dependent significant (P < 0.05) response was observed in the actophotometer test, sleep induction, and MES tests in comparison to control. In the staircase test at 200 and 400 mg/kg, increase in the number of steps climbed, and at 800 mg/kg decrease in both the number of steps climbed and rears were observed in comparison to control. Conclusion: MECV showed a dose-dependent CNS depressant action in the sleep induction and antiepileptic tests. A CNS stimulant action was observed at low dose (200 mg/kg) and depressant action at a higher dose (800 mg/kg) in the staircase test in comparison to control. Abbreviations used: GLP: Good laboratory practice; CPCSEA: Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals; IAEC: Institutional Animal Ethical Committee; CNS: Central nervous system; BZDs: Benzodiazepines; IP: Intraperitoneal ANOVA: Analysis of variance; MECV: Clerodendrum viscosum; HLE: Hind limb extension; HLF: Hind limb flexion; NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate; MES: Maximal electroshock seizures; MECV: Methanolic extract of Clerodendrum viscosum; GABA: Gamma-Aminobutyric acid; CCK: Cholecystokinin; PME: Pseudospondias microcarpa; ECG: Electrocardiography; REM: Rapid eye movement; NREM: Nonrapid eye movement.