Self-re-adhering alkali-activated cement composite and its ability to mitigate corrosion of carbon steel in 300 °C hydrothermal environment

• Published in: Geothermics Vol. 96; p. 102068
• Main Authors: Sugama, Toshifumi, Pyatina, Tatiana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2021; Elsevier Science Ltd; Elsevier
• Subjects: Acid resistance; Activated carbon; Alkali-activated cement; Blast furnace slags; Bonding strength; Carbon steel; Carbon steels; Catastrophic events; Cement; Cement-carbon steel bond; Composite materials; Corrosion; Corrosion prevention; Corrosion rate; Curing; Damage; Fly ash; GEOTHERMAL ENERGY; Geothermal power; Glass fibers; Granulation; High temperature; Portland cement; Portland cements; Sheaths; Shock resistance; Silicon dioxide; Slag; Steel; Sulfuric acid; Thermal resistance; Thermal shock; Thermal shock resistance; ASR; FAC/FAF; Cement-carbon steel bond; OPC; CAC; MCF/MGF; GBFS; XRD; Alkali-activated cement; FGP; CS; YM; Thermal shock resistance; Acid resistance; TSRC; EDX; SMS; Slag; ATR
• ISSN: 0375-6505; 1879-3576
• DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102068

•Cement-steel bond should fail cohesively for continuous steel corrosion protection.•Alkali-activated Calcium-Aluminate Cement /FAF blend forms durable bond with steel.•This blend outperforms OPC in bond durability under acid and thermal shock conditions.•Its bond fails cohesively and can recover after a 5-day hydrothermal curing at 300 °C.•The blend provides great corrosion protection of carbon steel in a brine environment. Cement-steel interface is a weak point of cement sheath integrity under the environments of high-temperature geothermal wells. This paper presents carbon steel (CS) adherence behaviors of 300 °C-autoclaved alkali-activated Calcium-Aluminate-Cement (CAC)/fly ash F (FAF) (Thermal Shock Resistant Cement, TSRC), granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS)/SiO2, and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)/SiO2 blends. The composites’ ability to preserve the bond under the conditions of thermal shock (TS) and strong acid attack (pH 0.6 H2SO4/brine at 90 °C) as well as their ability to recover the damaged bond and provide steel corrosion protection after additional short-time 5-day curing at 300 °C were evaluated. GBFS/SiO2 sheath underwent catastrophic failure in the first TS cycle; OPC/SiO2 lost 78 % and TSRC 51 % of the bond strength in 6 cycles. Only TSRC-CS bond survived 30 days of strong acid exposure; OPC/SiO2 bond failed after 18 days and GBFS/SiO2 after 20 days. Addition of micro-glass fibers (MGF) to TSRC further improved its bond strength and CS corrosion protection. Samples of TSRC-CS cured for 30 days at 300 °C before the bond damage recovered 49 % of the damaged bond strength after additional short-time curing. The CS protected by the re-adhered TSRC showed low corrosion rate of 0.13 mm/year (TSRC-MGF), 0.2 mm/year (TSRC) vs. 0.64 mm/year for OPC/SiO2 protected CS.