Optimal operation method for load restoration of distribution networks under disturbance scenario

• Published in: Energy reports Vol. 8; pp. 669 - 677
• Main Authors: Zhang, Tao, Mu, Yunfei, Jia, Hongjie, Ji, Xiaotong, Liu, Dan, Lin, Zhiguang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2022; Elsevier
• Subjects: Distribution network; MISOCP; Service restoration; Soft open points; ZIP loads; Service restoration; Soft open points; MISOCP; Distribution network; ZIP loads
• ISSN: 2352-4847; 2352-4847
• DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.063

Extreme events can cause damages to transmission system equipment, resulting in a major power outage. In disturbance scenario, local distributed energy resources (DERs) and switches can be fully utilized to restore power loads, which is critical for enhancing the resiliency. A service restoration model for distribution network with soft open point (SOP) is proposed, in which the ZIP loads are considered. Traditional tie switch (TS) operations and the power output capabilities of local DERs are coordinated to restore loads in outage area. On this basis, SOP flexibility is explored to further improve the restoration performance. The restoration model includes nonlinear constraints and integer variables, which is usually a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem, and is difficult to obtain a feasible solution within an acceptable time. In particular, the ZIP load model is not directly amenable with conic solvers. To improve solution efficiency, convex relaxation, linear approximation, and big-M methods are introduced to convert MINLP problem into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) problem. Simulation tests are studied to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.