Synthesis and characterization of Halar® polymer coating deposited on titanium substrate by electrophoretic deposition process

• Published in: Surface & coatings technology Vol. 347; pp. 369 - 378
• Main Authors: Bosh, N., Deggelmann, L., Blattert, C., Mozaffari, H., Müller, C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 15.08.2018; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Atomic force microscopy; Bend tests; Biocompatibility; Biomedical application; Biomedical materials; Chemical properties; Chemical synthesis; Chlorotrifluoroethylene; Crack propagation; Crack tips; Crystal structure; Crystallinity; Differential scanning calorimetry; Elastic properties; Electrophoretic deposition; Enthalpy; Fatigue tests; Glass transition temperature; Halar; Heat measurement; Heat treatment; Mechanical properties; Melting; Modulus of elasticity; Morphology; Nano-mechanical properties; Organic chemistry; Protective coatings; Substrates; Surgical implants; Thermal analysis; Thermoplastic polymer; Thermoplastics; Titanium; Halar; Thermal analysis; Thermoplastic polymer; Nano-mechanical properties; Biomedical application; Electrophoretic deposition
• ISSN: 0257-8972; 1879-3347
• DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.05.011

Halar®, an ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) thermoplastic polymer, can be considered as an ideal protection coating material for medical application, because of its high purity and unique combination of the mechanical and chemical properties. In this study, Halar® polymer powder particles are deposited onto titanium substrate by the means of electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure thermal characteristics of the raw Halar® powders including glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm) and melting enthalpy (∆Hm). A high crystallinity value was determined for the raw polymer powders by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Additionally, the effect of heat treatment on Tg, Tm and crystallinity of the polymer are evaluated at different heating temperatures. It was found that heat-treatment of the Halar® powder at the temperature of 260 °C (above its melting temperature) results in increasing of Tg, Tm and crystallinity of this thermoplastic polymer. Thus, after deposition thermal treatment temperature was performed at 260 °C for 15 min which may improve the adhesion of the coating to the substrate and its mechanical properties. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to assess the quality and surface morphology of Ti coated with Halar® polymer. The deposited coating showed a high quality, smooth and homogenous microstructure without any cracks or holes. Nanomechanical properties (hardness and elastic modulus) of the deposited polymer coating were also determined using the nanoindentation technique. Moreover, a comparison is drawn between the fatigue behavior of uncoated and polymer coated Ti specimens by a three-point bend test. The results indicated a blunt crack tip and a higher fatigue strength of Halar® polymer coated Ti. •Thermoplastic Halar® polymer is deposited on titanium by means of EPD.•Post heat treatment of coatings at 260 °C significantly enhanced crystallinity of polymer.•Uniform, smooth and crack free coating is achieved at optimum condition.•Nanomechanical properties of the polymer coating were determined using the nanoindentation technique.•The Halar® coating shows low elastic modulus (~1.2 GPa) and thus can reduce the stress shielding problem.