Evaluation of different pre-treatment behaviour modification techniques in 4-7-year olds: A randomised controlled trial

• Published in: Indian journal of dental research Vol. 33; no. 1; pp. 58 - 62
• Main Authors: Goyel, Vinita, Mathur, Shivani, Dhingra, Nikita, Nair, Upasna, Singh, Shambhavi, Phukan, Anuve
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mangalore Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd 01.01.2022; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Analysis; Anxiety; Behavior modification; behaviour modification; Blood pressure; Clinical trials; Dental caries; Dentists; distraction; Methods; oxygen saturation; Patients; pH effects; Statistical sampling; tell-show-do; blood pressure; oxygen saturation; distraction; Behaviour modification; tell-show-do
• ISSN: 0970-9290; 1998-3603
• DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_373_21

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of five pre-treatment behaviour modification techniques in 4-7-year olds in reducing dental anxiety by evaluating pulse rate, partial pressure of oxygen, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, salivary flow rate, salivary pH, and through modified facial anxiety scale. Material and Methods: Using simple random sampling technique (drawing of lots), 125 children were equally distributed into 5 groups of 25 each: Group 1: tell-show-do (control); Group 2: tell-show-play-doh; Group 3: Playmobil Dentist; Group 4: mobile dentist games; Group 5: role play as dentist. Samples in each group were treated in a single appointment after using the behaviour modification techniques. Class I or Class II cavities were prepared on carious primary molar and restored using glass ionomer cement. Patient's anxiety level was assessed by recording blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, salivary pH, salivary flow rate, and facial anxiety scale at different time intervals, that is before the treatment, during the treatment, and after the treatment. Results: All the intervention Groups (Groups 2-5) showed reduced anxiety scores in both physiological and facial anxiety compared to the control group, that is tell, show do. The modified distraction techniques aid in better modification. Conclusion: Tell-show-play-doh, Playmobil dentist games, mobile dentist games and role play as dentist are effective distraction techniques as compared to conventional tell-show-do techniques which can be incorporated in day-to-day clinical practice to reduce dental anxiety in paediatric patients.