Polyspecificity of antimicrosomal thyroid antibodies in hepatitis C virus–related infection

• Published in: The American journal of gastroenterology Vol. 96; no. 10; pp. 2978 - 2983
• Main Authors: Peoc’h, Katell, Dubel, Laurence, Chazouillères, Olivier, Ocwieja, Thierry, Duron, Françoise, Poupon, Raoul, Johanet, Catherine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Inc 01.10.2001; Blackwell Publishing
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use; Autoantibodies - immunology; Autoantigens - immunology; Biological and medical sciences; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy; Hepatitis C, Chronic - immunology; Human viral diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Interferon-alpha - therapeutic use; Iodide Peroxidase; Iron-Binding Proteins; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Thyroid Gland - immunology; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune - immunology; Viral diseases; Viral hepatitis; Endocrinopathy; Human; Immunopathology; Enzyme; Antibody; Alpha interferon; Cytokine; Thyroid diseases; Hepatic disease; Biosynthesis; Thyroid gland; Microsome; Infection; Chronic; Peroxidases; Viral disease; Immunotherapy; Digestive diseases; Peroxidase; Oxidoreductases; Biological effect; Viral hepatitis C
• ISSN: 0002-9270; 1572-0241
• DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)03233-6

OBJECTIVES: The outcome of dysthyroidism and the presence of antithyroid antibodies in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection receiving interferon-α therapy is clearly established. However, the prevalence and the specificity of antithyroid antibodies in HCV patients before interferon-α therapy remain controversial. The aim of the present study is to clarify within a large population of HCV patients the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies before interferon-α therapy and to determine whether their immunodominant antigen is the same as described in autoimmune thyroiditis. METHODS: Sera from 99 patients with chronic hepatitis C before (n = 99) and after (n = 37) interferon-α treatment were investigated for the presence of antimicrosomal and antithyroperoxidase antibodies assessed by indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA, respectively. Dot blotting on human thyroid lysate was designed to further characterize these autoantibodies. Data were compared to those obtained with sera of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (n = 75) and healthy subjects (n = 96). RESULTS: In HCV patients, antimicrosomal antibodies were found with a higher proportion before interferon-α therapy (12.1%) than after therapy (8%). Thyroperoxidase constitutes the main antigen in only 4% before treatment, a prevalence similar to that observed in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of antithyroid antibodies is low in patients with chronic hepatitis C before interferon-α therapy. Thyroperoxidase may not be their main target. Further studies are required to determine whether HCV infection leads to a breakdown of tolerance to a thyroid self-protein other than thyroperoxidase.