Physical impact of double stratification in Darcy-Forchheimer hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3-Cu-H2O) subject to Arrhenius pre-exponential factor law and entropy generation

• Published in: Waves in random and complex media Vol. 34; no. 6; pp. 5664 - 5685
• Main Authors: Khan, M. Ijaz, Alzahrani, Faris
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon Taylor & Francis 01.11.2024; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Aluminum oxide; Boundary conditions; Casson fluid; Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion model (CCDD model); Darcy Forchheimer flow; Dissipation factor; double stratification; Entropy; Hybrid nanofluid; Nanofluids; Numerical methods; Parameters; Partial differential equations; Stratification; Thermal radiation; Thermal relaxation; Thermal transformations; Thermophoresis; viscous dissipation
• ISSN: 1745-5030; 1745-5049
• DOI: 10.1080/17455030.2021.2011985

This thermal research communicates the thermal aspect of hybrid Casson nanofluid in the presence of entropy generation and double stratification. The contributions of Buoyancy force are studied through mixed convection. Darcy Forchheimer condition is also applied in momentum equation along with the effects of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and convective condition. The flow is generated by stretching a thin needle. Double stratification effect is implemented in boundary conditions of the thermal and concentration equation. Transformations are implemented to form ordinary differential equations from partial differential equations. The shooting numerical method is used to find the solution of local similar expressions. The motion of the fluid slows down for higher Casson fluid parameter and Forchheimer number. The temperature shows the contrast behavior for Brinkman number and thermal relaxation parameter. Solutal relaxation parameter and thermophoresis parameter have opposite behavior for concentration parameter. The entropy generation enhances for Forchheimer number and Casson fluid.