Unmanned Aerial Vehicles' Remote Identification: A Tutorial and Survey

• Published in: IEEE access Vol. 10; pp. 87577 - 87601
• Main Authors: Belwafi, Kais, Alkadi, Ruba, Alameri, Sultan A., Hamadi, Hussam Al, Shoufan, Abdulhadi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 2022; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Autonomous aerial vehicles; Design standards; Drones; Europe; FAA; New technology; Privacy; Regulation; Remote handling; Remote identification; RID regulations; RID standards; Safety; Standardization; Tutorials; UAV; Unmanned aerial vehicles; UTM
• ISSN: 2169-3536; 2169-3536
• DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3199909

UAV remote identification is an emerging technology that allows ground observers to identify a drone in the airspace and obtain information about it and its operator. The goal is to enhance safe operation over people and at night and protect public privacy. Two modes are known for remote identification: broadcast-based and network-based. Although both modes' technical implementation seems straightforward, remote identification is challenging because it includes multiple agents that follow different interests, such as safety, security, privacy, and businesses. Currently, enormous efforts for regulation, standardization, design, implementation, and testing are being made to put this technology forward. This paper aims to outline the landscape of these activities as a survey and tutorial to inform regulators, standardization organizations, industry, and researchers about the state of the art in this technology and to highlight its opportunities and challenges.