Evaluation of stress hormones in traumatic brain injury patients with gastrointestinal bleeding

• Published in: Chinese journal of traumatology Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 25 - 31
• Main Authors: Alain-Pascal, Biteghe-Bi-Nzeng, WEI, Hui-jie, CHEN, Xin, ZHANG, Jian-ning
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: China Elsevier B.V 01.02.2010; Department of Neurosurgery,General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300052,China
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic hormone; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood; Adult; Aged; Brain injuries; Brain Injuries - blood; Brain Injuries - complications; Brain Injuries - mortality; Female; Gastrins; Gastrins - blood; Gastrointestinal hemorrhage; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage - blood; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage - etiology; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage - mortality; Glasgow Coma Scale; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; 促肾上腺皮质激素; 创伤性脑损伤; 消化道出血; 肠道出血; 胃肠道; 血清浓度; 颅脑损伤; Gastrins; Adrenocorticotropic hormone; Brain injuries; Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
• ISSN: 1008-1275
• DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1008-1275.2010.01.005

Objective： To evaluate the local risk factors of traumatic brain injury （TBI） patients developing gastrointestinal （GI） bleeding during the early hospitalization in neurosurgery intensive care unit （NICU）. Method： From September 2005 to February 2006, 41 patients admitted to NICU and 13 healthy volunteers were involved in our study. Blood samples at 24 hours, 2-3 days and 5-7 days were obtained from each patient via arterial line at 8 a.m. to measure the concentrations of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH）, total cortisol and gastrin. The collected serum was immersed in an ice bath and tested by the Immulite 1000 systems. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results： Within 24 hours following TBI, the concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH and gastrin increased proportionally to the severity of injury, especially significant in the experimental group （P〈0.05）. The concentrations of ACTH and gastrin were higher in the GI bleeding positive group than in the GI bleeding negative group, （F=1.413, P=0.253） for ACTH and （F=9.371, P=0.006） for gastrin. GI bleeding had a positive correlation with gastrin concentration （r=0. 312, P〈0.05） and a negative correlation with serum hemoglobin （Hb） （r=-0.420, P〈0.01）. The clinical incidence of GI bleeding was 24.39% （10/41） in the experimental group. Within 24 hours, GI bleeding had a strong correlation with gastrin concentration （OR=26.643, P〈0.05） and hematocrit （Hct） （OR=5.385, P〈0.05）. High ACTH concentration （〉100 pg/ml） increased the frequency of GI bleeding. For patients with severe TBI and treated with routine antacids, the incidence of GI bleeding was 40.91% （9/22） and the mortality rate was 20%（2/10）. Conclusions： Low Glasgow coma scale scores, low Hb, high concentrations of gastrin and ACTH （〉 100 pg/ml） are risk factors and can be predictive values for post-traumatic GI bleeding. Severe TBI patients have high risks of GI bleeding with high mortality.